120 
Karl Marx— Documents relating to the history of Ladahh. [No. 3, 
as well as clerical duties (to such perfection) that he arrived at the 
end 52 (of his transmigrations). 
His son was: (XII) Lha-ch’en-ngos-dub. During the reign of this 
king the usage of novices going to Us-Tsang was first introduced. He 
also repaired the colleges that had been built by his ancestors ; but more 
important than this : he laid down before the Prince of the Faith, the 
Lord of the three Worlds, 63 gold, silver, copper, coral-beads, pearls, etc., 
all (presents numbering) one hundred. He also caused to be copied 641 
the Ka-gyur twice and the Sang-ngags-kyi-skyil-k’or 66 many times. 
His son was : (XIII) Lha-ch’en-gyal-bu-rin-Ch’en. 
His son was: (XIV) Lha-ch’en-shes-rab. As to the reign of 
this king : having built the hamlet Seng-ge-sgang on the top of the so- 
called Hang-tse-mo (-rock), he made it a dependency of the Chang 
castle of Sa-bu 66 in Mar-yul. 
His son was: (XV) Lha-ch’en-t’i-tsug-lde. This king built (one 
row of) ch’ortens (numbering) one hundred and eight 67 at Leh, 63 and two 
(rows of) 108 at Sa-bu. 
His two sons were: (XVI) Lha-ch’en-dags-bem-lde and Dags-pa-bum. 
Dags-bum-lde held Leh etc. He erected, for the sake of his repu¬ 
tation with posterity, 69 the Red College 60 and a Buddha Maitreya, the 
62 I. e., ‘ as a transcendent virtue, Paramita.’ L e ‘> the ordinary 
63 = Buddha, i. e., his image, probably the so-called Io-wo. 
54 most closely agrees with the German: ‘ stiften, stift, stiftnng ’; 
an exact equivalent in English I have not been able to discover. 
65 ‘Wheel of Dharani’ (‘secret spells’)) a kind of book of which there exists a 
great variety. 
66 Village six miles SE. of Leh, off the main valley. (Survey Map: Sobu.) 
The Hang-tse-mo is a rock well known there. The castle is in ruins. 
67 108, a sacred number. 108 is also the number of beads of the 
ordinary rosary of Lamaists, (for other examples see Sir Monier Williams’ book on 
Buddhism, second edition, page 383). I find in G. H. Schubert’s Sternkunde (1832) 
the observation, that in India 4,320 lunar years constituted one sacred period, the 
first of which terminated about the commencement of our era. It may be divided 
into 4 periods of 1080, equal to two Phoenix periods of 540 years.’ As 108 is a 
constituent of all these figures, it may be supposed to be in some way connected 
with them. The rows of ch’ortens referred to here usually consist of ch’ortens 
not higher than 2 or 3 feet, and resemble low walls built at random anywhere 
across the desert. 
63 3JQP sometimes I adopt the usual spelling of the ‘ Postal Guide.’ 
69 gEJ =* ‘for the sake of his reputation with posterity,’ German: 
‘ Nachruhm.’ 
60 Probably the one on the Nam-gyal-tse-mo at Leh. 
