1891.] Karl Marx —Documents relating to the history of Ladakh. 121 
Lord, in size (such as he will be) in his eightieh year. 61 On his right 
and left there were a Manjusri and a Vajrapani, each one story high. 
He caused to be painted all fresco pictures, representations of the de¬ 
parted Buddhas, of the preserver of the universe, 62 and of all his own 
private deities. He also built a triple temple (one surmounting the 
other) on the pattern of (the one at) T’o-ling. 63 As a symbol of the 
Word, 64 he caused a copy to be written of the Zungs-bum-ch’en-mo 65 
and of the Kon-ch’og-tsegs-pa lang-kar sliegs-pa 66 and some others. 
As a symbol of the Spirit: some fatality having occurred at Leh, he 
built over the Teu 67 ser-po (‘ Yellow Crag ’) completely, outside in 
the shape of a cli’orten, inside containing 108 temple-shrines. The 
ch’orten is called: Teu Ta-shis-od-t’o. 68 Again, in the lower part of 
the valley of Leh, there is a crag resembling an elephant. The king 
caused to settle down on this rock a brotherhood of four Lamas. 69 
Having done all this, he said : ‘ If I die now, it matters not.’ 
61 I. e., in a sitting posture about 20 or 25 feet high. 
62 Tib. probably Maitreya (?). 
63 Tib. pronounced To’-lding, on the Upper Sutlej. (Map of Turkistan : 
Totlingmat, ‘ mat ’ = ‘ the lower ’ i. e. lower part of the city.’ The Sham-bha-la-pai 
Lam-yig contains a reference to this temple : “ it had been built (A. D. 954 Schl.) by 
the Lo-tsa-wa Rin-zang-po. The Hor (Turks ?) burnt it down, but at some later 
date it was rebuilt, and now, in its lowest compartment, it contains the ‘ Cycle of 
the Collection of Secrets’.” Adolph von Schlagintweit visited it; see ‘Results 
of a Scientific Mission.’ 
64 cg^lNI = ‘body, word and spirit,’ or in common parlance: QJ*V r - 
cs "V 
and mystically expressed by the formula have each their 
own special 1)3) T or symbols ; * the image,’ ‘the Scriptures’ ; 
‘the Ch’orten.’ They represent a kind of triad, corresponding to the 
c three Holies,’ *• e., the Buddha, the Law and the Order of Monks, 
■v 
(comp. Sir Monier Williams, p. 175.) But there may be, just as 
is not without some underlying idea of a Supreme Being, ruling over all, some 
other more obscure and deeper meaning embodied in these symbols. 
66 «The great 100,000 of Dharani.’ 
66 ‘ How the three Holies came to Ceylon’—‘ tsegs-pa ’ i. e. pro- 
bably ‘ threefold, triple, three one above the other.’ 
67 Tibetan * crag.’ 
63 This ch’orten ‘ Brilliant good fortune,’ still exists, though in a dilapidated 
condition, about two miles up the Leh valley from the British Joint-Commissioner’s 
compound. 
69 Also still extant at the suburb of Leh called Ska-ra, near the Kil’a. 
Q 
