124 Karl Marx— Documents relating to the history of Ladakh. [No. 3, 
His sons were : Llia-cli’en-lha-wang-nam-gyal 96 and (XIX) Ta-shis- 
nam-gyal, (these) two. 
Lha-wang-nam-gyal had great bodily strength and was clever at 
(any kind of) sport. 96 But Ta-sliis-nam-gyal, the younger (of the two), 
being very crafty, caused the prince’s eyes to be plucked out. Still, 
lest the dynasty should die out, he gave him a wife and allowed him to 
stay at Ling-snyed 97 His sons 98 were: Lha-ch’en-ts’e-wang-nam-gyal, 
Nam-gyal-gon-po, and Jam-yang-nam-gyal, (these) three were born. 
These three sons grew very tall in stature, they grew taller within a 
month, than what others grow in a year, and they grew taller within a 
day, than what others grow within a month. 
At that time the king Ta-sliis-nam-gyal reigned. This king con¬ 
quered (all the country) from Pu-rig" upwards and from Do-shod 100 
downwards hither. He brought (home) herds of ponies in inconceivable 
numbers. He built the fort on the Nam-gyal-tse-mo 101 of Leh and found¬ 
ed the hamlet of Ch’u-bhi. 102 He fought against an invading force of 
Turks, and killed many Turks. He erected a temple (dedicated) to the 
(four) Lords 103 on the Nam-gyal-tse-mo and laid the corpses of the Turks 
55 Nam-gyal, and JC, 7 ^QJ" T ‘ tlie quite victorious’ here occurs 
for the first time as part of a name of a member of the royal family. It seems to 
designate the new dynasty and remaines in use to this day. 
56 Tibetan |J’#Q| T 
57 Ling-shed (Survey Map: Linshot) in Zangs-kar, four marches south of Ka- 
la-tse. 
58 The sons of Lha-wang-nam-gyal, that is, of Ta-shis-nam-gyal, had no children. 
They were brought to Leh, where they received their education (Ta-shis-shan-p’el). 
59 District crossed by the Kashmir road from the Zoji-la to the Po-to-la. Capi¬ 
tals: Kargil (Thanadar) and Kartse. The inhabitants are partly Buddhists, partly 
Shiah Muhammadans. They are a race distinct from either Baltis and Ladakhis. 
They wear an upper garment of a dark-brown colour—by which they may be distin¬ 
guished from Ladakhis—and a small round skull-cap. The long locks of hair on the 
temples, in fashion with Baltis, are not seen with Pu-rig men. They all but 
monopolize the carrying-trade between Ladakh and Kashmir, ponies—though not a 
very good breed—being their chief wealth. 
1°° Name of a district about the 25th stage from here to Lhasa between Maryum 
La and Chachu Sangpo (Map of Turkistan). 
101 The ‘ Palace’ occupies the very summit of the precipitous rock (Nam-gyal- 
tse-mo) at the foot of which the city of Leh is built. The ‘ Leh palace ’ is at a 
lower level. Now some religious buildings only remain, the fort itself being in ruins. 
102 Chu-bi: about a dozen of houses at the foot of the western declivity of the 
Nam-gyal-tse-mo. The road to the top passes through it. (Survey Map: Chubbee.) 
103 I. e., ‘ the four Great Kings (Maharajas),’ the Guardians of Buddhism ^comp. 
Sir Monier Williams, p. 206.) The temple and images still remain (information by 
Ta-shis-stan-p’el).—As to‘Turks’: 5)1/ in Central Tibet means ‘Mongols/ in 
