132 
Karl Marx —Documents relating to the history of Ladakh. [No. 3, 
and gilt, in size (sucli as he will be) in his eightieth year, and adorned 
with all kinds of precious stones. He introduced the great deities 155 of 
all Hindustan, east and west, and caused a copy of the Jams-ch’os, 156 
five divisions and five volumes, to be written. He appointed for the 
duration of the (present) Skal-pa five Lamas to be in perpetual attendance 
and to offer up sacrifices and keep the sacred lamps burning both day 
and night. He put up sashes made of the most wonderful Chinese silks, 
(and also) umbrellas, 157 long prayer-flags, etc. 
Again, in memory 153 of his mother, he sent to be laid down at the 
feet of the incarnation of P’ags-pa Rab-jor, 159 the Paii-ch’en, 160 the Banner 
(lit. umbrella) of the Faith : golden earrings, 161 silver earrings, amber 
(pieces of) the size of apples 108, 162 smaller ones 108, coral-beads of the 
size of fowl’s eggs 108, pearls of the size of Chinese peas 108 and smaller 
onesa great many. At ... 16s Lha-sa, 164 Ta-t’ug 165 and Sam-yas he offered 
up sacrifices, everywhere one thousand. To the Ge(-ldan), Das(-spungs), 
Se-ra, Dug-Ra-lung, Sa-skya and all the other Lamaseries, both great 
and small, he made presents of (tea for) tea generals and other things, 
all numbering one hundred, in plenty. 
To the Saint stag-ts’ang-ras-ch’en, the same (as mentioned above), 
156 Tib. I follow, in my translation, Ta-shis-stan-p’el’s explanation, but 
still some misgivings as to its accuracy remain. 
156 = ‘ Maitreya religion.’ I have not been able to obtain information regard¬ 
ing it. 
15 7 Tib. ior*rl>y a crinoline-shaped kind of thing, but cylindrical, not coni¬ 
cal, in form, about 3 feet in height by 1 foot in width ; it consists of 2 or 3 hoops 
with a covering of black woollen threads or of trimmings of calico. It is planted on 
the roofs of lamaseries and palaces. Jaschke (Diet. ‘ trophy,’) apparently did not 
recognize the umbrella. 
168 See note 153. 
159 Subhuti. 
160 The Pan-ch’en rin-po-ch’e at Ta-shis-lhun-po. He is not usually supposed to 
be an incarnation of Subhuti, but as he may be an incarnation of Amitablaa, of 
Manjusri, of Yajra-pani and of Tsong-k’a-pa, there is no reason why he should 
not be an incarnation of Subhuti as well. (Comp. Koeppen II, 127.—For Subhuti : 
Koeppen I, 104, GOO and the recent publication of the Asiatic Society of Bengal: the 
‘ Sher-Phyin.’—) 
101 Tib. large earrings of silver or gold, consisting of a ring about 
two inches in diameter, on to which are strung, like beads, a large number of very 
diminutive rings of silver or gold. 
162 Comp, note 57. 
163 Possibly one name wanting. 
164 Comp note 111. 
165 Lamasery at Lha-sa (Ge-ldan-pa). 
