32 
A. F. Rudolf Hoernle —Essays on the Gaurian Languages. [No. 1, 
appears slightly modified as ^T. In the Braj Bhasha it is Ifr, which is not a 
mere modification of ^fT, hut as I think (see below p. 37) rather a co-ordinate 
formation to ^}t. I have already noticed in Essay IY. that Sanskrit masculine 
nouns with a base in appear in Gaurian invariably with the termination 
% (or ^T), as Skr. Pr. ^T^T, Gaurian or irpgr or ijpff, etc., 
while Sanskrit nouns with a base merely in % appear in Gaurian now as 
terminating in now in (^T or %r). And remembering that in Prakrit 
any base in ^y may, without change of meaning, add the affix m, and thus 
end in we may conclude, that if a Sanskrit masculine noun with a base 
in ^ ends in Gaurian in it must have previously assumed in Prakrit the 
base-form ending in ; while if it ends in Gaurian in W, it must have 
previously remained unchanged in Prakrit ; e. g., Skr. pair with a 
base "STfwr Vi. e. in ) may assume in Prakrit the simultaneous forms 
Vj ^ i 
or (lit. : i. e. with affix ; the former becomes in Gaurian 
the latter (or ■srrg'T). Again, Sanskrit seed may be in 
Prakrit both or (YN^;; the former gives us the Gaurian 
the latter the Gaurian sfiotT or There is, perhaps, not a single 
Gaurian masculine norm in (that is, of course, only among those derived 
through the Prakrit), which does not also occur (at least in Hindi) in the 
other form ending in «yr or % or The latter forms very often are only 
Low Hindi, but in not a few instances both forms are used in High Hindi 
too ; e. g. and v?yT«JT trust , inland earthen pot , and «KT 
load, aTff and pair, and qfT titledeed , etc., etc. On the other 
hand, in some cases the form in ^ is confined to the Low Hindi and that in 
chiefly to the High Hindi, as notably in the part. pres. ; e. g., ^T^rfT 
saying is High Hindi, but Low Hindi ; High Hindi ^jTTfTT belonging , 
Low Hindi ^f3T<T ; High Hindi ^T<tT coming, Low Hindi ^yrerT, etc. So 
also, as regards the adjectives, the High Hindi generally uses the ampler 
form in ; but Low Hindi generally also the shorter form in ; as Low 
Hindi ^ great , 4^ high, High Hindi ; but ^ and both in 
High Hindi, (Low Hindi or ^T^) etc. 
That the direct form in %r, or ^T, or ^JT, of the inflexional base 
of Gaurian masculine nouns is derived from the Prakrit nom. sing, of 
a base in follows also as a result from our previous inquiry into the 
nature of the direct form of feminine and neuter nouns. For if the feminine 
termination in Y and the neuter termination in xf or or ^ of adjectives 
and of nouns generally, is a modification of the Prakrit termination (resp.) 
Y^T and "syi} (or Y^O? if follows of necessity that the masculine termina¬ 
tions %, ^T, M, corresponding to those feminine and neuter terminations, 
must also be derived from a Prakrit termination ( = ^3v‘), e. g., high 
is in Marathi q m Hindi ^.^ri (masculine and neuter), 
(feminine). It is evident that if the Mar. and Hindi feminine is a 
