259 
1874.] Pajendralala Mitra— The Ycivanas of Sanskrit Writers. 
Minoris oram insederant, quum a vicinis Lydis ita appellari consuevissent, 
Ionum nomen sibi proprium fecisse. Traxerunt et alia ex imitatione barba- 
rorum : unde enim nisi bine epitheton e/V/ce^trcoves ? (II. 1ST, et Hymn, 
in Apoll. 147.) Apud Indos contra vocabulum yavana est antiqnissimnm ; legi- 
tur in Man. Codice, X, 44. Memorantnr ibidem praeterea Camboji, Sacae, 
Pablavi, aliique, de quarum gentium situ commentator Cullucabhattus ovSe 
ypv. In rebus geographicis plerumque a scboliastis frustra auxilium ex- 
spectatur. De Cdmbojis cf. supra annott. ad VI, 21.” # 
In the Karna Parva, Karna, in describing to S'alya the different vile races 
of mankind with which he had come in contact in different parts of the earth, 
names the Yavanas, who are said to be ‘ omniscient and especially heroic.’ 
In the S'anti Parva, Bhishma, in reply to certain queries of Yudhisthira, de¬ 
scribes the martial peculiarities of certain races, thus : “ The Gandharas and 
Sindliu Sauviras are most proficient in fighting with many-pointed javelins ; 
the dauntless, vigorous and powerful Us'inaras are proficient in the use of 
every kind of weapon, and their might is equal to every undertaking; the 
Prachyas are unfair fighters, but experienced in elephant fights ; the 
Yavanas, the Kambojas, and the dwellers on the frontier of Madhura 
are proficient in fighting hand to hand without arms ; the Dakshi- 
natyas fight best with swords and shields.”! Of the several races or 
tribes here mentioned, the Gandharas are the people of Kandahar ; the Sindhu- 
Sauviras are a tribe who dwelt on the banks of the Indus ; the Us'inaras are 
people to the south of Kandahar ; the Prachyas are the eastern tribes of Mani¬ 
pur, Kachhar, Tripura, &c.; the Kambojas are said to dwell in the north-western 
frontier of India, their country is famous for its horses, and we have to look 
for them near the Hindu Kush and the Yavanas, who are always spoken 
* Ramayana Valmicis, I, Part II, p. 168. 
f fanglrfKT l 
v i 
<T^IT ^ T 
'si 
J Schlegel lias the following remarks on the Kambojas : 
“ Cambojam lexicograplii Angli in ipsa India versus septentrionem ponunt, sed fal- 
so. Etenim in deseriptione plagae septentrionalis, quam quartus Rameidos liber exhibit, 
Camboji post Vahlicos inter varias gentesbarbaras nominantur. Cf. Raghu-Vansa, IV, 67-69, 
ubi Raglius, Sindliu traiecto post Hunos devictos demurn Cambojam adit, nobilium 
equorum patriam De Cambay a urbe ad sinum Gurjaranum non esse cogitandnm, multo 
minus de Cambodia in peninsula ultra Gangem, per se patet.” Ramayana, Vol. I, 
Part II. p. 30. 
Wilson places the country of Kamboja in Afghanistan. He says, “ We have part 
