68 
G. A. Grierson — On the KCtgmiri Noun, 
_- _,_ [No. 1, 
Karmadharaya or adjectival compounds are expressed in 
Ka^miri by an adjective agreeing with its substantive in gender, number 
and case. The above rule about postpositions must be applied. Thus 4^ 
bad u dyar (masc.), great wealth; oRR badyan dyarcin 
chuh zenan , he is earning great wealth (acc. pi.) ; *j£f?T«r mod 
tsod sutin, by a thick (*3& mot u ) cake tswat*, fem.) ; fqfq - qfrfr 
s» * ^ 
S^trichi koriputshy, for a clever (" 2 pq tryukh n , fem. trich girl 
kur *) ; qfsr ^rfr; ujcT baji lari pyath a from the big (q^ bgd u ) house ( 
^ ^ 'v 
lar u ) ; q^ baje grgnz * hand u , of the big counting (q^ grand) ; 
qfeq Tlfw ’tqcf badis guris pyath, on the great horse (qq gur u ). And 
so on. 
In Copulative ( dvandva) compounds each member of the compound 
is declined separately, the above rule as to post-positions being observed. 
Thus, base cTR tap, light (masc.) ; gnt a , darkness (fem.). The nom. 
sg. of «tr tap is «TRf tdpli and the instr. sg. is qrq *£f*T*f tdp a sutin. 
So from gat a , the nom. sg. is gut a , and the instr. sg. qfz - 
gati sutin. The compound noun, ‘ light and darkness ’ is nom. sg. 
rfRi tdph-gat a ; instr. sg. cfTq-JTfe qj;fq*r tap a -gati sutin , and so on. 
Again q}^: war ® (fem.) is a garden; kul u (masc.) is a tree » qfqf 
phal (masc.) is fruit; and ovqj zal (masc.) is water. Making these into 
a copulative compound we have in the dative sg. 
wari-kuli-phal a -zal a putshy, for the garden, the tree, the fruit, and the 
water. Sometimes each member is put in the plural, the whole collective 
idea being plural though each member of the compound is properly 
in the singular. Thus Ur a mother, nom. pi. *?r mcije; 
kur a daughter, nom. pi. qffq kore. Hence qrsq-qfrq mdje-kore, mother 
and daughter. So gsnc mal'-putfcr, father and son (qRT mol u ,& 
father; gqq puth a r, a son) ; 'qsp^qq hag a -nos°, mother-in-law (qro hag) 
daughter in-law (^qquos); qfrfr-q\Tqr»T zom-kdkane, husband’s sister 
(qnq zam) and brother’s wife (qiTqisr kdkah) ; pace-kuce , board 
i 
(qz^paP) and wood (fj^ kut*). 
