104 Dr. Hoernle —Two Copper-plate Grants of HatnapOla. [No. 1, 
years after the beginning of his dynasty. It follows, therefore, that 
Bala Varman comes about 80 years after Ratna Pala, and that paleeo- 
graphically the Nowgong grant should be later than the Bargaon grant. 
Their paleeographic characters, however, indicate just the reverse. The 
identification of Tyaga Simlia with plri-Harisa, therefore, seems to me 
very doubtful; nor does it appear that there is any necessity for it. A 
more probable solution appears to me to be, that pala Stambha’s 
dynasty ended with pri-Harisa, and that it was succeeded by another 
foreign dynasty, which commenced with Pralambha and ended with 
Tyaga Simha, after whom the restoration of Naraka’s dynasty, in the 
person of Brahma Pala, took place. The Bargaon grant does not say that 
the 20 kings who followed pala Stambha were all of the same dynasty ; 
on the other hand, twenty-one (including p!ala Stambha) is a sufficiently 
large number to accommodate two long dynasties. Moreover the Now¬ 
gong grant clearly indicates that a break or change of dynasty took 
place with Harjara (son of Pralambha). 
Of pala Stambha’s dynasty three other members are named : 
according to the Bargaon grant, Vigraha Stambha was the immediate 
successor (son?) of pala Stambha; and according to the Nowgong 
grant, there were two other members, named Palaka and Yijaya, 
besides some more not named. It would seem that Stambha was the 
distinguishing name of this dynasty. The named members of it would 
be (1) pala Stambha, (2) Vigraha-Stambha, (3) Palaka-Stambha, 
(4) Vijaya-Stambha, who were perhaps the first four of the dynasty; 
there were several others ; the total number may have been ten, occu¬ 
pying a period from about 150 to 200 years. 
Of Pralambha’s dynasty, five other members, in direct filial 
succession, are named. According to the Tejpur grant, it would seem 
that Pralambha’s son, by his wife Jivada, was Harjara, whose son was 
Vanamala. The Nowgong grant adds Jayamala, Vlrabahu and Bala 
Varman, being the son, grandson and great-grandson respectively of 
Vanamala. These are the first six members of the dynasty. Their 
total number may well have been eleven, occupying again a period of 
about 150 to 200 years. And these eleven, together with the ten of 
the pala Stambha dynasty, would make up the series of twenty-one 
foreign kings, required by the Bargaon grant, antecedent to the 
restoration of the Pala kings of Naraka’s dynasty. There are two 
difficulties about this dynasty. The Tejpur grant seems to say 
distinctly that Pralambha belonged to Naraka’s dynasty, 6 and that 
* In verse 19 of the translation, Yanamala, the son of Harjara, is also said 
to be “like the moon in the clear sky of the Naraka line.” The original text 
has knti-tanaya-nrpati-varhfa or ‘ the royal race of the son of the Earth.’ Naraka 
is the “ son of the Earth.” 
