198 
G. A. Grierson —On Primary Suffixes in Kagmiri. 
[No. 3, 
^ i&al u , lie fled. 
In the case of Intransitive Verbs, it follows the conjugation of 
these verbs, and is only used in the case of those verbs which are 
known as “ Listed Verbs ” (vide A List of Ka^miri Verbs, ante , Vol. 
LXV, Part I, page 306). These I shall in future call verbs of the 
second conjugation. It is then used only in the 3rd person. Thus,— 
inal, flee. 
Non-listed Intransitive Verbs, which I shall in future call verbs 
of the third conjugation, do not use this form in ^ w , but take 
the Aorist form in auv , or SEfT^ or, used in their case for the Past 
third person sing. Thus,— 
vyath , be fat. vyathyauv, (not 973 vygth w ) r 
he was fat. 
The final 3r v is dropped before suffixes, and we thus got srefte 
vyatliyau-s , I was fat. 
The following verbs are irregular (ix. i. 37, 38),— 
ci, drink, makes cyauv (it was) drunk. 
f*3 khi, eat, khyauv (it was) eaten, 
fif ni, take, nyuv (it was) taken. 
Besides this there are other irregular forms, such as ^Jrf dyut u y 
from >y/ diy ‘ give ’; which will be subsequently described under the head 
of verbs. 
This suffix, ^ w , is frequently met in other nouns, which are not 
verbal forms, e g., sjcf vygth u , fat. 
11. auv , or ov (fern. VJf ey a ; plur. masc. VQ ey, fem. 
ey a ). 
This is the termination of the Aorist Participle of verbs of the 
first and second conjugations, and of the Past Participle of verbs of the 
third conjugation. As regards its use, see No. 10. The final «[ v 
and *1 y are omitted before suffixes. The form is an old past parti¬ 
ciple, and can be used with all verbs. 
12. mat u (fem. »ivr mats 11 ; plur. masc. «ffT mat *, fem. ^ 
mats®). This is used to form the true Past Participle. It is compounded 
with No. 11, in the case of verbs of the first and second conjugations 
