202 
G. A. Grierson — On Primary Suffixes in Kdgmiri. 
[No. 3, 
16. <3ST un. 
17. an u . 
* • 
18. sgsr un u . 
* 
These three are used indifferently for one another (ix. ii. 2, 3). 
The first is of the first declension, and the second and third of the 
second. Their declension is as follows :— 
Singular. 
Nom. karnn. 
Acc. 3PC*P9r karanas. 
Ag. <fK5f*r Jcaranan . 
Obi. 1 karan 0, 
Nom. karan u or karun 11 . 
* * 'ft 
Acc. (not used). 
Ag. JfirfiT karW. 
Plural. 
karan. 
karanan. 
karanau. 
Tift karanau. 
^■rf*T karW. 
N ^ 
(not used), 
(not used). 
(not used). 
Obld karani. 
If the root ends in ^ i, the first and third forms are not used 
(ix. i. 21, 24). We only have forms like,— 
Nom. Masc. 
i|gR khyan u . 
^•T hygn u . 
'3R cyan 11 . 
Acc. Sing. 
khyanas. 
hyanas. 
cyanas. 
f^H khz, eat. 
f% hi, buy. 
ci, drink. 
Exceptions, as usual, are,— 
fa ni, take. fiR or 3R nyun w . fif«R ninas. 
di, give. or dyun u . f^5R din as. 
fa yi , come. 
This is used,— 
(a) As an adjective. 
(h) As an abstract verbal noun. 
(a) As an adjective, it is equivalent to the Sanskrit participle in 
aniyah. Thus, 3R?r karun or karan 11 , means ‘ it is to be 
1 The oblique form is that form which the agent case assumes before post¬ 
positions. 
fa*T or SR yyun 11 . fa*R yinas. 
