204 
G. A. Grierson —On Primary Suffixes in Kagmiri. [No. 3, 
Instead of the agent case, the genitive can be used, in all these 
idioms (ix. i. 45). Thus we may say,— 
^5^ *TK«T cydn u (instead of tse) gatshi suh maran u . 
^ ^r*n«T cyan (fern.) gatshi s a zanan a maran. 
So also in the plural,— 
^||sr cyan* gatshan iim martn 1 , you should beat 
them. 
frjiT cyane gatslian tim a marane, you should beat 
them (fern.). 
Pronominal suffixes can also be added to the main verb (not to the 
participle) (ix. i. 46). The formation of these suffixes will be dealt with 
in the chapter on verbs. 
qatshu-s karun 11 , it should have been done to him. 
o' s* ,7 ‘ ~ 
gqtshu-y kargn u , it should have been done for thee. 
lagy-as karun , it should be done for him. 
pazy-am karun , it should be done for me. 
■. (b) As a substantive, the form is used as a masculine Abstract 
Verbal Noun, or Infinitive (ix. ii. 2, 3 and ff). Thus,— 
kar , make. karun , ^iT*r karan n . or 
7 x • VJ 
karun w , the act of making, to 
make. 
The accusative singular is used with the post-position %<T or 
351ft kyut ® (ix. i. 17)to form a dative. I?.#., 1PC*PJ paranas kyut 11 , 
for reading. Thus,— 
xr?CiT^ w paranas kyut * prayg , a couch for reading. kyut * 
'x 'x 
is an adjective. 
We thus have,— 
faffT W paranas kyut u pragg, a couch (masc. sg.) for reading. 
JTT paranas kit * gar a , houses (masc. pi.) for reading. 
^•f^T paranas kits * cult 1 , a chair (fern, sg.) for reading. 
paranas kits a coke, chairs for reading. 
