189S.] G. A. Grierson — On Primary Suffixes in Kagmiri. 
209 
tsuv , (ix. ii. 24) quarrel, also used impersonally, and in the 
feminine. Abstract noun or infinitive isuvin , quarrelling. 
Examples of use,— 
Present tense, ^TTiT suh clihuh tsuvan , he is quarrelling. 
Future tense, suh tsuvi , he will quarrel. 
Past tense, only used in the feminine,— 
tain * tsuv *, by him quarrelling was done. 
^ tami tsuv 11 , by her quarrelling was done. 
Note, that in the Past, it is always used impersonally, and in the 
feminine gender though it may refer to males. 
We thus see that ^ tsar is alw r ays construed with the genitive 
( tas ), but tR tsuv, in the Present and Future as an ordinary 
Intransitive Verb, and in the Past as an Impersonal Verb. 
The two following verbs, form their abstract nouns or infinitives 
in 9f«r "ii, and in no other way. 
morav, (viii. iii. 25) bear pain, used impersonally and in the 
feminine in the past tenses only. Abstract noun or infinitive 
morav^h. 
Examples of the use of this verb,— 
Present tense, suh chuh moravan, he is bearing pain. 
Future tense, suh moravi, he will bear pain. 
Past tense, crfa tam* morav * (fern, impersonal) (pain) was 
borne by him, he bore pain. 
H’lf marts (ix. ii. 25), be impatient. Abstract noun, or infinitive, 
marten. 
Examples of use,— 
Present tense, tas chheh (fern.) martsan , of that man, 
or of that woman, there is impatience. 
Future tense, iff 5 ! tas martsi , of that man, or of that woman, 
there will be impatience. 
Past tense, tas marts' l , of that man, or of that woman, there 
' ^ 
was impatience. 
It is thus construed exactly like ^ tsar. 
J. i. 27 
