£898.] G. A. Grierson — On Primary Suffixes in Kdgmiri. 219 
Thus, wakhanay , telling. The verb vfrr marjg , ask, forms 5RTJR 
mag ay, asking (ix. ii. 47). 
The verb bag a r , divide, forms bdgay , division, or 
bdganay (ix. ii. 48, 54). 
• • • ' * t 
The verb zen , conquer, forms fsR ziy , victory (ix. ii. 49). 
<> 
From the verb ^TR sav , sleep, comes the derivative, udasdvay , 
waking, lying awake (ix. ii. 50). 
The simple word sdvay , means ‘ happiness’ (ix. ii. 51). 
From the verb ^rst dman , change for the worse, already mention¬ 
ed, we also have ^t*rsj hamanay , a false charge (ix. ii. 52). 
From the verb ^R lag , cultivate, we have ^tr*r laganay , culti¬ 
vation (ix. ii. 53). 
From the verb sad, accomplish, we have sddanay, a 
chief cause (ix. ii. 55). 
36. awaii (fern.) (with unmodified vowel). This is added 
to a verb to signify wages (ix. ii. 82, 83, 84). Thus,— 
karawan , (fern.), the wages of doing; parawan, the 
wages of reading; ^TRe^ lonawan , the wages of reaping; 
rvzawan, the wages of remaining. 
If the root ends in a vowel the suffix is <^sr wawan. Thus,— 
(f^ di) diwawan, the wages of giving; niwawan , 
the wages of taking; khyawawan , the wages of eating; 
cyawawan, the wages of drinking. 
37. anhar, used to signify fitness (ix. ii. 91). Thus,— 
karanhdr, fit to be done. 
gandanhdr , fit to be bound. 
If the verb ends in a vowel, the suffix becomes *R^fPC anahdr . 
Thus,— 
khyanahdr , fit to be eaten. 
cyanahdr, fit to be drunk. 
hyanahdr, fit to be placed. 
