34 
LEPID OPTERA [NT) LG A. 
compressed and densely liairy beneath ; antennae rather short, stout, with a gradually 
thickened elongated blunt club. 
Larva. —Adult. Cylindrical, slightly tapering at each end, dorsally rounded, 
vertically somewhat flattened, the lateral ridge rather sharply edged; the head and 
dorsal area finely set with minute black dots, each emitting a short pale bristle. 
Colour dull glaucous-green, with a sublateral greyish-white stripe; spiracles in¬ 
conspicuous ; ventral surface paler green. Feeds on Rhawnu .s cathart/icu# and 
frangulus. 
Pupa. —Pointed at each end ; thorax dorsally humped anteriorly and the 
abdomen slightly keeled to the tip, shoulders angulated ; a lateral ridge thence to the 
tip ; wing-cases produced in front to a curved narrow ridge enclosing the tongue- 
case, projecting beyond the ventral line of the abdomen, the latter curving gently to 
the tip. Colour pale green ; lateral ridge yellowish, frontal point and the shoulder 
purplish-brown. 
Egg. —Flask-shaped, cylindrical, set on end ; with twelve longitudinal ribs and 
parallel intermediate fine lines ; deposited singly on the rib of upper or underside of 
the leaf. 
Broods. —Stephens (lx. p. 9) says Rlutmni f< is apparently double-brooded, the 
first brood appearing about June, and the second in the autumn, and of the latter 
many of both sexes remain throughout the winter, and make their appearance on the 
first sunny day in spring.” 
Type. —C* Rhamni. 
COLIAS NEPALENSIS. 
Plate 559, fig. 2, 2a, b, c, d S', 2e, f,g ? . 
llhoducera Rhamni , Kollar, Hugul’s Kasehmir, iv. p. 410 (1844). 
RJiodocera Rhamni (var.), Gray, Lep. Ids. of Nepal, p. 9, pi. 5. lig. 1, $ (1846), Doherty, Journ. As. 
Soc. Bengal, 18S6, p. 136. 
Gonxpieryx Nepalensis, Doubleday, Gen. D. Lep. i. p. 71 (1847). Moore, Catal. Lep. Mus. E. I. 
Com i any, i. p. 59 (1857); icL Proc. Zool. Soc. 1865, p, 493. Lang, Ent. Mo. Mag. 1868, p. 33. 
Butler, Ann. Nat. Hist, 1885, p. 407 ; id. l.c. 188S, p. 199. de Niceville, Kept. Pamir Boundy. 
Comm. p. 43 (1898); id. Journ. Bombay N. H. Soc. 1898, p. 589. Dixey, Proc. Ent. Soc. Lond, 
1905, p. 37. 
Gonepteryx Garnipennis , Butler, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1885, p. 407. 
Male. Upper aide sulphur-yellow, deeper than in Rliamni. For e wing with some 
black scales at the base, and a small ferruginous-red spot on the angle of lower 
discoceilular veinlet; a slender, mostly continuous, dusky, ferruginous line extending 
along the extreme costal edge from the costal vein to the apex and outer marginal 
edge and its cilia, to the middle median veinlet; each vein tip being indicated by a 
