2 
Dr. Hoernle —Antiquities from Central Asia. [Extra No. 1, 
No. J, 3 is a slightly modified form of the ordinary old Brahmi q, 
as seen ( e.g .) in qeteni fl. 28 2 for Sanskrit khedeni, and in the letter- 
group kaqi fl. 35 s . It is preserved in the so-called khoq-seq or “ lion- 
hearted ” characters of Tibet (10th century ; see Sarat Chander Das 
in Journal, Asiatic Society of Bengal, Yol. LVII, 1889, Plate Y, b ) 
and in the Tibeto-Chinese Pa‘-sse-pa script (13th century). The 
signification of the upward curve in No. I, 5, as seen (e.g.) in ljalya 
fl. 42 3 is uncertain. Provisionally I take it to be a variant of the 
mark in No. I, 4, seen (e.g.) in ijakarh fl. 12 s , where it is the ordinary 
Brahmi mark of the long vowel a. In the Transcript it is distinguished 
by a. Both, Nos. I, 4 and I, 5 are very uncommon, and are found only 
in non-Sanskritic letter-groups. No. I, 3 is found only exceptionally 
in Sanskritic words. 
No. II, 1 is the ordinary Brahmi th as in ruthir fl. 41 3 for Sanskrit 
rudhira, and in sapatlia fl. 38* for (probably) Sanskrit ^apatha. No. II, 2 
does not occur in any Sanskritic word, but may be seen, e.g., in the 
letter-group f/mskemdhar fl. 26 s . I take it to be related to th, as kh' is 
to kh, and as ph to pli. 
No. Ill, 1 is the ordinary Brahmi ph as {e.g.) in trphal fl. 6 6 for 
Sanskrit trphalS. It is found only in Sanskritic words. No. Ill, 2 is 
seen (e.g.) in phutsah fl. 38 5 , a variant of ptsan fl. 4 ( and in ^aripAa fl. 
8 b for Sanskrit ^ariva. Nos. Ill, 3, III, 4 and III, 5, which have similar 
forms, have been added for comparison. No. Ill, 5 is the ordinary 
Brahmi dli, as in madliaMa fl. 12 for Sanskrit matliaka. 
No. IY, 1 is the ordinary Brahmi s. Both it and No. IY, 2 are seen 
in prativisa fl. 24 6 and prativis/m fl 28 5 for Sanskrit prativisa. No. IY, 
2 also occurs in purnako.<d?a fl. 22 5 for Sanskrit purnako£a ; but other¬ 
wise it is confined to non-Sanskritic letter-groups. 
The exact pow r er of the four new r signs (Nos. I 2, II 2, III 2, IY 2) 
is not known. They clearly indicate variants of the corresponding four 
Sanskrit sounds, and suggest themselves to be, probably, spirants of the 
respective classes (y p, f, sh). # 
No. Y, 1, when occurring at the beginning of a word, represents the 
ordinary Brahmi cerebral r vowel, as in rsabhafc7ta fl. 6 41 * 5 (cf. 13 t ) for 
Sanskrit rsabhaka ; but at the end of a w r ord it has consonantal force, 
# On these new signs see, also, my paper on the Weber Manuscripts in the 
Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Vol. LXTI (1893), p. 1 ff., ancl a paper by 
Professor Dr E. Leumann on “ Eine von den unbekannten Literatur-sprachen 
Mittelasiens” in the Memoires de l’Academie Tmperialc dos Sciences de St. Petersbonrg 
Serie VIII, tome IV (1900). The three signs Nos. Ill 2, III 5, IV 2 are wrongly 
identified in these papers. The true identification of the sigu No. VI, 1 was first 
suggested by Professor beiimanr) in the paper above named. 
