1892.] 
at Mount TJren in Mungir ( Monghyr) district , Sfc. 
3 
“ south of the river Ganges, we come to a small solitary mountain with 
“ a double peak rising high (Beal here notes ‘ The passage might be 
translated “ there is a small solitary hill with successive crags heaped 
up.”) “ Formerly Buddha in this place rested during the three months 
“ of rain, and subdued the Yaksha Vakula (Yo-o’ha Po-khu-lo). Below 
“a corner of the south-east of the mountain is a great stone. On this 
“ are marks caused by Buddha sitting thereon. The marks are about 
“ an inch deep, five feet two inches long, and two feet one inch wide. 
“ Above them is built a stupa. Again to the south is the impression 
“on a stone where Buddha set down his kiun-chi-kia (hundika or water- 
vessel). In depth the lines are about an inch, and are like a flower 
“ with eight buds (or petals). Not far to the south-east of this spot 
“ are the foot-traces of the Yaksha Vakula. They are about one foot 
“ five or six inches long, seven or eight inches wide, and in depth less 
“than two inches. Behind these traces of the Yaksha is a stone figure 
“ of Buddha in sitting posture, about six or seven feet high. Next, to 
“ the west, not far off, is a place where Buddha walked for exercise. 
“ Above this mountain top is the old residence of the Yaksha. Next, 
“ to the north is a foot-trace of Buddha, a foot and eight inches long 
“ and perhaps six inches wide and half an inch deep. Above it is a stupa 
“ erected. Formerly when Buddha subdued the Yaksha, he commanded 
“ him not to kill men nor eat their flesh. Having respectfully re- 
“ ceived the law of Buddha, he was born in heaven. To the west of this 
“ are six or seven hot springs. The water is exceedingly hot.” 
General Cunningham'’ s identification with Mahddeva hill. —So very 
detailed a description of this site ought to render its identification com. 
. paratively easy and certain; and it seems remarkable that guided by 
such a minute description the identification should have been so long 
delayed. It may be that this is partly owing to Sir A. Cunningham 
having already in his official report* identified the Mahadeva peak in the 
Kharakpur hills with the site just described by Hiuen Tsiang. But it 
had so happened that about two months previous to my visiting Uren, 
I had occasion to be in the neighbourhood of the Mahadeva hill referred 
to by General Cunningham, and I took advantage of the opportunity 
to visit the hill, book in hand—with the pilgrim’s account and General 
Cunningham’s remarks side by side for reference on the spot. And I 
confess to being thoroughly disappointed. In this case certainly the 
remarks applied by Fergusson to another identification of General Cun¬ 
ningham’s are agaiu fully applicable, viz. t that aftei aibitianly altering 
the direction given by his author, lie fails in every instance to “ bring 
* Archmoloyical Survey of India Reports, V ol. XV, p. 1J, Calcutta., lyyj. 
