14 L. A. Waddell— Discovery of Buddhist Remains [No. 1, 
(e) Numerous chaitya figures sculptured on the rock on various 
parts of tlie hill. The site of these are indicated on Plate I, and they 
all have their apices pointing to one or other of the holy spots. On the 
base of the large chaitya figure of the lota- mark, and also on a vertical 
oue at the south-west corner of the hill, are inscriptions, but these seem 
merely to contain the Bnddhist creed. 
Resume of evidence identifying Mt. Uren with the hill described by 
Hiuen Tsiang. —Taking a brief resume of the evidence for the identifica¬ 
tion of Mt. Uren, with the hill described by Hiuen Tsiang, we see that 
the identity is proved by :— 
1st. The geographical position. 
2nd. The physical conformation of the hill. 
3rd. The actual presence and co-existence of all the very numerous 
and specialized remains and rock-markings noted by 
Hiuen Tsiang. 
4tli. The very numerous votive Buddhist statues and chaityas and 
the thousands of names carved on rock, indicating a 
sacred place of Buddhist pilgrimage. 
5th. The survival of the old tradition recorded by Hiuen Tsiang 
that the hill-top was the abode of a demon, and his 
abode and footprints and the lota- mark still being point¬ 
ed out, and the survival of the name and worship of 
‘ the Savage Lord Bakura.’ 
The Remains at Base of the Hill. 
I now proceed to describe the superficial remains at the base of the 
hill. Running out from the north base of Mt. Uren is a small flat and 
somewhat rocky spur on the northern extremity of which is situated 
the village of Uren. Occupying the north-eastern portion of this spur 
and adjoining the base of the hill, is a terraced area of broken bricks 
and fragments of Buddhist statues and hewn stones, locally known as 
“ Indardaun kd garh —the fort of Indardaun, see No. 13 on Plate I. 
Xndardaun (the Indradyumna of Buchanan*), whose name still lingers in 
the memory of the people, was the reigning king of Magadha, at the 
time of the Muhammadan invasion in 1195 A. D., and he is believed by 
Buchanan to have been one of the Pala dynasty which was Buddhist, 
and on his flight from Bengal he is stated to have built the temple of 
Jagarnath, the original Buddhist character of which seems undoubted. 
The so-called ‘ garh,' or fort, evidently a monastery. —Although it is 
not improbable that some of Indardaun’s troops may have occupied this 
* Eastern India , II, 23. Also Cunningham’s Bepts ., Ill, p. 132. 
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