18 
L. A. Waddell —Discovery of Buddhist Remains 
[No. 1, 
1. Dhaka kunda gadrahi. 
2. Shamar garlii pukhar. 
3. Kumukhar. 
4. Jliar Kathi pukhar. 
5. Sarpandani pukhar. 
6. Amroura do. 
7. Salian do. 
8. Sifcahi do. 
9. Uraiya do. 
The first three are in the immediate vicinity of Uren, and the others 
within | th to | th of a mile of that place. In connection with the first 
named I would note that Gadrabha is said to be the name of the house¬ 
keeper of the Yaka of A-low* (Uren), and it is remarkable that 
the tank retains the old Hindi word kunda in stead of pukhar. The 
second tank is at the side of the so-called garh or fort, and seems to be 
named in this relation. As this tank borders what is evidently the 
monastery, it is possible that Sliamdr may be a corruption of Shaman = 
Skt. ‘ SYamana ’ a Buddhist monk. The third tank-name may mean 
the “Prince’s” \_S'akya] or the “potter’s” tank—there have been 
no potters living here within the recollection of the villagers.f The 
fourth name evidently means the tank of ‘ the Katli forest ’— Kath is 
the name of a kind of tree occasionally worshipped by the aboriginal 
Musahars, and is to be found some miles off, although not now near 
this tank. 
The purity of the Buddhism .—The purity of the form of Buddhism 
prevailing at this establishment is evidenced by the almost total ab¬ 
sence of S'ivaic images and the very orthodox nature of the truly 
Buddhist images, and this is in keeping with Hiuen Tsiang’s statement 
that most of the monasteries in this district were of the Hinayana 
school—the more primitive and pure sect. The majority of the images 
represent Buddha in the meditative form, others show him in a sitting 
posture as Teacher expounding the Law, and a few represent him standing 
and entering into the state of Parinirvdna. He is as frequently re¬ 
presented crowned, as with the tonsure. The monkey episode and the 
crouching elephant are frequent accessories. The central supporting 
figure in most of the basements is a squat human male figure with 
snake-like locks of hair, see Plate IV, No. 2. The upper two-thirds of 
a female figure in sandstone with leafy ornaments are somewhat after the 
* Spence Hardy Op. cit., p. 270. 
f [The name means neither. It is a contraction of Skr. KumbhapushJcara, lit. 
‘ jar-tank'. It contains no reference either to a prince or a potter. Ed.] 
