88 
H. G. Raverty —Some Muhammadan Goins. 
[No. 2, 
Dunya wa ud-Din, was borne by both. Before the latter came to the 
throne he was styled Kutb-ud-Din, Muhammad, but, on his accession, 
assumed that of ’Ala-ud-Din, the title borne by his father.* The inscrip¬ 
tions given on all the other coins after No. 44 ; namely 49, 50, 71, 98, 
100, 101, 103, 105, 106, and 109, although not worded in the same 
manner, all have Abu-1-Fath, and only one (No. 44) has Abu-l-Muzaffar.” 
Sultan Takish Khan, “the Khwarazm Shah.” as the Turk rulers of 
that territory were styled, was a very wise and sagacious Monarch of 
whose witticisms many anecdotes are related. He had a strong-minded 
wife, who, out of jealousy, on one occasion, shut him into a hot bath ; 
and when some of the lords of his Court, who became aware of it, re¬ 
leased him, he was quite livid, and one of his eyes was nearly destroyed. 
He was disloyal to the Khalifah, and this disloyalty was, subsequently, 
the cause of much misfortune to his son and successor, and his grandson, 
Sultan Jalal-ud-Din, Mang-barni. He was also hostile to the Shansabani 
Tajzik rulers of G-liur. 
Sultan Muhammad, the Khwarazm Shah, son of Sultan Takish 
Khan, was that famous, but unfortunate, Sultan whose extensive empire 
was invaded by the Chingiz or Great Khan and his Mughal hordes, an 
account of whose reign is given in the Tabakat-i-Nasirl, pp. 253-279. 
His sway extended over a great part of Asia, from the frontiers of China 
to the frontiers of the present Turkish empire, and from the Indus to 
the Persian Sea.f He came to the throne in the middle of 596 H. (1200 
A. D.). He reduced Hirat on three different occasions, and, towards the 
close of his reign, penetrated into Siberia, where “ the light of twilight 
did not disappear to the vision; and, in the direction of the north, the 
glow seemed merely to incline from west to east, and the light of dawn 
appeared, and the day broke.” He died in great misery and distress of 
mind and body in Shawwal, 617 H. (1220 A. D.). His son was the 
famous hero, Sultan Jalal-ud-Din, Mang-barni, the Khwarazm Shah, 
who, after keeping the Mughals at bay with a handful of men, plunged 
into the Indus on his charger before the Chingiz Khan and his sons, and 
the whole Mughal army, and crossed in safety notwithstanding the 
volleys of arrows showered on him.J 
* Tabalcat-i-Nasiri, p. 253. 
f He likewise held sway over the tract called Banian, and sometimes known as 
the territory of tlie Koh-i-Jud, that is, the country east of the Indus, as far as the 
banks of the Jihlam or Bihat, north as far as the mountains of Kashmir, and south 
as far as, and including, the Koh-i-Jud or Salt Range. The Karlugh Turks in the 
Sultan’s service held it for him. This tract now comprises what are termed the 
“Hazara” and Rawal Pindi districts of the Panjab. 
J See Tabakat-i-Nasiri, p. 291. 
