1892.] H. G. Raverty— The Mihran of Sind and its Tributaries. 183 
place. It was only towards the close of the last century that they 
again united, again lost their respective names, formed a new river and 
a fresh bed, and commenced to flow as at present. 
The writer also states that, “ the application of the name Satlej to 
the stream below its confluence is a modern innovation, and is not to be 
found in old writings, Hindu or Mohammedan.” In this he is perfectly 
correct. It was stated by Abii-l-Fazl in the A’in-i-Akbari nearly three 
centuries ago, that, “ after the junction of the two rivers they both lose 
their names , and the united streams are known as the Dand, or Dan dab, 
Hariari, and Nurni, and lower down, as the Gharah or Ghara (both 
modes of writing being correct).” Then quoting Tod, the Review writer 
says, “ Tod, in his “ Annals of Rajast’han,” says, that the Bhatti tradi¬ 
tions say the Garrah is always called Beah. To this day, the river below 
Firozpur is known to the boatmen as Biyali [sic] or Garrah. The 
modern term Satlej is rarely if ever used, except by those who have 
been brought into contact with Europeans.” 73 
I may add that the boatmen never call it “Satlej,” nor Sutlaj 
below the confluence of the two rivers, and that, more correctly speaking, 
we might say that the Sutlaj unites with the Biah, instead of the Biah 
uniting with the Sutlaj. The Sutlaj was the interloper, and its entering 
the channel of the Biah at Loh or Loh-Wal temporarily, caused the 
Biah to desert its ancient channel altogether. 
Before closing these remarks upon the article in the “ Calcutta 
Review,” I would point out what appears so very contradictory in the 
writer’s statements. At page 10 he says, that, “ when the Sultan (’Ala- 
ud-Din, Mas’ud Shah), reached the banks of the Bey ah, the Mughals 
raised the siege of IJchh,” and that “ the allusion is to the united 
streams, the Satlej having become merged into the BeyahT How, after 
stating that “ the Satlej is an interloper, and the Beydh the original 
stream,” which last statement is undoubtedly correct, he says that “ the 
Satlej is no other than the Hakra or Naewal”; that “ the Abohar ” 
was the last which deserted its bed in the first half of the thirteenth 
century; that, although they met at Hariki Pattan [Hari ke Patan—The 
Ferry of Hari] in 1593, they have only flowed in the same bed since 
73 Tod in his “ Rajast’han, 1 ” says, note page 262, Yol II, that “ The Garah is 
invai’iably called the Behah in the chronicle [which he is supposed to be quoting]. 
Gharah, or Gharra, is so called, in all probability, from the mud (gar) suspended in 
its waters. The Gharah is composed of the waters of the Behah and Sutlej 
Gara ( ) } not “ gar ” is mud in Hindi, but kneaded and prepared for pottery 
or building, but the name of the river is Ghallu-Gharah ( ) and Gharah* 
See notes 66 and 67. 
