212 
H. G. Raverty— The Mihran of Sind and its Tributaries. [No. 3, 
is about three stages from Multan. Its waters are very pleasant [sweet] 
even before its junction with the Mihran.” 
This statement is important, for here we have two large rivers, the 
Mihran and the Sind Rud distinctly mentioned. The following, too, is 
remarkable, and shows what changes have taken place to the westwards, 
respecting which I shall have more to say presently. He says: “ Muk¬ 
ran is mostly desert, and has but few rivers. Their waters flow into the 
Mihran on both sides of Mansuriyah." m 
“ The cities and towns of Sind are Mansuriyah, Debal, Ninin, 
Kalwi [or Kalari], Anari, Balwi [or Balari], Maswahi, Bahraj [^-/B 
the old ’Arab map, 129 generally written without points], Baniyah, Manj- 
anri [Manjabari of others], Sadusan [Sharusan or Siw-istan], Alroz 
[with 4 z ’—Alror before], 130 etc. The cities of Hind 31 are Multan, Jand- 
rud [Ohand-rud ?], Basmad, Sindan, etc. 132 
“ The distance from Arma’il in Mukran to Debal is four days’ 
journey ; from Mansuriyah to Debal, six ; Mansuriyah to Multan, twelve ; 
from Mansuriyah to Famhal, eight; between Multan and Basmid, about 
two; from the latter to Alroz [Alror], three; thence to Anari,’four, 
from which to Kalwi [or Kalari] is two, and from the last-named place 
to Mansuriyah one day’s journey. Baniyah [ ^b.3S—without points] lies 
128 See also the Kazwini’s account, page 205. How far Mansuriyah or its 
jurisdiction extended at that period may be gathered from Al-Idrisi, who says: 
“ Between Kiz and Arma’il are two tracts of territory touching each other : one, 
named Rahun, is a dependency of Mansuriyah, and the other, called Kalwan, depends 
on Mukran.” Mansuriyah comprised all middle and lower Sind. 
129 Jn the old ’Arab map page 213, it is placed west of Mansuriyah on the west- 
bank of the Mihran. See page 215 and also farther on. 
These are the (Falui), (Iri), or (Balui), Maswahi, 
Bahraj, (Nayatah), Manjabari, Sindusan, and Aror of the “ Masalik wa 
Mamalik.” 
131 This clearly shows that the Sind Rud of the Masalik wa Mamalik map just 
referred to, is that which flowed between those places. 
138 The Basmad, (Sarian) or (Siran or Sairan) or (j (Saidan), 
and 
of the before mentioned work respectively. 
133 Elliot, “Historians,” Yol. I, page 15, has: “From the Mihran to Balcar, 
which is the first place on the borders of Hind, is four days’ journey.” All this is 
pure surmise ; for the word is unintelligible, and, in the Paris copies, according to 
his own account, is illegible. In them it is which may be anything almost. In 
the printed text of M. Barbier de Meynard it is ; yet, even with this before him, 
Elliot made it Balcar , a place never mentioned by any of the old geographical writers 
here quoted, because it did not then exist, and this too after translating the addi¬ 
tional passage given in this note from Idrisi thus :—“ From hence [Bania] to Mamhal 
