257 
1892.] H. G. Raverty —The Mihran of Sind and its Tributaries. 
He was succeeded by Hisbam, 198 son of ’Umaro-ut-TagballuM, 199 
wlio was sent into Sind by the Khalifah, Al-Mansur. He reduced many 
places which still held out against the ’Abbasi authority, and among 
them was Multan, which, up to this period, still remained refractory. 
Kanda’il was also reduced. He proceeded to Kandhar [Kandharah or 
Kandharo] on vessels, and reduced it likewise. 200 * * * Musa, son of 
198 Hisham means, ‘benevolent,’ ‘ liberal,’ but “ Hasham” is meaningless. 
199 Called. ’Umaro-us-Sa’labi by others. He was sent to succeed ’Umar bin Hifz, 
whom the Khalifah, Al-Mansur, Abu-Ja’far, ’Abd-ullah, deposed in 141 H. (758-59 
A. D.), for giving shelter to ’Abd-ullah, son of Ibrahim, son of the unfortunate 
Hasan, son of the Khalifah, ’All. ’Umar, son of Hifz, received him with great dis¬ 
tinction and espoused his cause, as did also the other Musalman officers in Sind; and 
they cast off their black ’Abbasi garments, and adopted white ones, white being the 
colour of the Shi’ahs. At last, finding ’Abd-ullah was not safe in Sind, ’Umar sent 
him to a Rajah of Hind, between whom and ’Umar great friendship existed, so that 
he might not fall into the hands of his persecutor, the Khalifah. In consequence 
of ’Umar’s conduct towards ’Abd-ullah, he was removed from Sind and sent to serve 
in Afrikah. 
The Sayyids of Sind are said, on the authority of the Tarikh-i-Alfi, to be 
descended from the above mentioned ’Abd-ullah, who was subsequently killed by a 
party of ’Arabs, who came upon him in a shikdr-gdh on the borders of Sind, leaving 
a son who was under the protection of the before-mentioned Rajah—of the neigh¬ 
bouring territory of Saurashtrah, probably, and one of tbe Balabhi dynasty. 
200 it would be a physical impossibility to reach Kandahar in the present Afghan 
state by boats, unless they were boats attached to baloons, and just as practicable 
to reach Gandhara on the upper Indus above Atak by the same means from Sind. 
The part meant here, lay near the banks of the Hakra, and has been already referred 
to at page 207. 
Because this word is written “ Kandahar ” by persons who did not know, ap¬ 
parently, the word in its original characters, and because a tract of country lying 
on the east bank of the Indus above A tak was anciently known as Gandhara, and, 
in comparatively modern times, between the inroads of the Chingiz Khan and Amir 
Timur, the Gurgan, the south-easternmost part of Zabul-istan of the ancient T-ranl 
empire became styled Kandahar, European writers, and English in particular, have 
managed to confound them (just as they have confounded Gajni and Ghaz-nih or 
Ghaz-m), and some try to make them out to be all one. An example of this is to be 
found in the “ Herodotus” of the Rev. Canon Rawlinson, page 175, in which 
“ Beladhore,” “ Mass’oude,” etc., are quoted, and we have “ Sindhu Gandhara,” the 
“ Cahool Gandhara,” and the “ modern Candahdr,” the appellation alike of the pro- 
vir-eandof the capital,” in one delightful jumble. The “ Sindu ” Kandharah is 
written (Sindi—) ; that of Kathiawar jwJsJS—Kandhar—or_y*>|'Sif— 
O .. 
40 • S* 
Kandahar in the original; the tract on the upper Indus . an d tffi e 
formerly Persian, and now Afghan province (anciently called Bal-yus or Wal-yus) 
• H 
and its chief town, and —Kandahar, and all are totally different. 
It is from similar theories that Hindil Lohdnahs or Lohanos of Sind are turned 
