272 
II. G. Raverty —The Mihrdn of Sind and its Tributaries. [No. 4, 
The season having come round, lie returned from Guzarat with 
recruited forces, and reached the banks of the Sind; but, although he 
had boats, the breadth of the river was so great, and the opposition of 
the Sindis so determined, that it was found to be impracticable to cross 
it. 233 The author states that tne Sultan was consequently under the 
necessity of sending a portion of his army up-stream, to cross at Bakhar, 
a distance of one hundred and twenty kuroh , then march down again on 
the other side, and attack Thathah. 234 When this force had appeared 
before Thathah, and fighting commenced, the breadth of the river was 
so great at this point, that, although the fortifications of Thathah. were 
visible from that [the east] side, the land around could not be distin¬ 
guished, and it could not be discovered whether his troops had been 
successful or not. 236 In this state of uncertainty, the Sultan sent a 
messenger across, with directions to the leader of the troops to march 
up-stream again, re-cross at Bakhar, and re-join his camp, he having 
determined to occupy his position on the east bank, and await the arrival 
of additional troops from Dihli. At this juncture, the Sindis besought 
the Makhdum-i-Jahanian, the Sayyid, Jalal-ud-Din, Husain, son of 
Ahmad, Bukhari, the saint of U'chqhh, who was in the Sultan’s camp, 
to make overtures on their behalf ; and the upshot was that an accom¬ 
modation took place, the Jam and his brother came and made submis- 
233 Fearing that those first sent across would be annihilated before others could 
arrive to support them. 
234 The town or city of Thathah had only recently been founded by one of the 
early Sammah rulers, as mentioned farther on. The name of Thathah, as a city or 
fortified town, will not be found in any history written previous to the historian of 
Sultan Ffruz Shah’s reign—Ziya-ud-Din, Barani. 
235 The Sultan could not have had any boats with him then, or perhaps they 
had been sent with the troops which marched upwards to Bakhar, otherwise, with 
a considerable part of his army on the Thathah side, he might surely have crossed 
with his army to their support, unless the Sindis with their vessels commanded the 
river, which is not improbable; for his troops had to march all the way back ao-ain 
by Bakhar to rejoin him. It will be noticed, that, when the Sultan returned after 
the accommodation with the Sindis, he came up the west bank of the river to Siw- 
istan, the modern Sihwan, and from thence to Bakhar where he passed to the east 
side. 
If we take into consideration the state of the river and delta near Thathah now 
and, that although that place could be distinguished from the opposite side of the 
river, the land around could not, we can calculate how broad it must then have been 
in the beginning of the cold season, too, after the inundation subsides. The river 
now, at the height of the inundations attains a breadth of about 1,600 yards_not 
quite a mile—and at its lowest is about 480 yards broad. A great part of the delta 
south of Thathah has been formed since these events happened. 
