1802.] H. G. Raverty —The Mihrdn of Suul and its Tributaries. 297 
It will be noticed that Abu-l-Fazl mentions, that, after this junc¬ 
tion of the Blah and Sufclaj, the newly united river is known by these 
three different names above-mentioned, and that they unite for twelve 
kuroh only. He says not one word such as can be construed, by the 
greatest stretch of the imagination, into three rivers, much less four. It 
will also be observed here that he mentions in rotation where the other 
four rivers, unite, but that he leaves out the name of the place of junc¬ 
tion of the Harihari, Dand, or Nurni (he never uses the name Gharah 
here, it will be remarked) with the others, merely mentioning the fact of 
its uniting with them. 286 It seems strange that he should have omitted 
to name the place of junction in this case, because Multan is a little over 
seventy-one miles, as the crow flies, above l/chchh. 
“At Thathah,” he continues, “the Sind is called Mihran, 287 and all 
six rivers, in one stream [sic in text] pass under [the walls of] Bakhar, 
one portion north, and the other south of the fort. The Sind river every 
few years goes from south to north, and causes great ruin, consequently, 
the dwellings are constructed of sticks and rushes.” 233 
In the record of the Survey, completed about a century since, the 
following account is given of the different rivers noticed by Abu-l-Fazl 
above. It matters little, in regard to the present subject, what course 
this and the other rivers took within the hills, as there changes in their 
courses seldom take place ; therefore, I shall confine myself chiefly to an 
account of them after their entry into the more level tracts. 
The Sindhu, Nahr-i-Sind, A'b-i-Sind, or Indus. 
I need not mention in the present paper what the author of the 
Survey says respecting the upper coarse of the Sindhu, Ab-i-Sind, or 
Indus, and its source, and shall only notice it here from its junction with 
the river of Kabul just above Atak Banaras. 239 
“One kuroh above that place,” he says, “the Sind unites with the 
River of Kabul, called Landaey Sind, or Little Sind or River, by the 
236 See note 250, page 282. 
287 It is so called, by his own account, much higher up than Thathah ; and at 
the period in question, seven, not six rivers, flowed past Bakhar. 
283 See page 217, note 151. 
239 It may not be amiss to mention here what the old European travellers say 
respecting the Indus and the changes in its channel, as well as of the rivers consti¬ 
tuting the Panj Ab, or Panch Nad. What they mention about the places on their 
banks will be found farther on. 
Sir T. Herbert, writing in 1626, says: “The River Indus, called by Pliny 
Sandus, and Arrian Sinthus, is now called Sinde. After a course of 3,000 miles from 
