300 H. Or. Raverty —The Mihrdn of Sind and its TribiUaries. [Ex. No. 
of these rivers was noticed by Wood, in his “Report on the Indus.” 1193 
He says : “ The depth of the bed of the Ohin-ab is lower than the 
Indus; for they cut canals from the Indus in July, when both are in 
flood, and the surplus water flows down into the Ohin-ab, proving that 
although their beds, for a distance of sixty miles, are not more than 
ten miles asunder [they are fourteen now, at the narrowest part], yet, 
in their relative level, there is a considerable difference.” 
Since the Survey, the record of which I have been quoting from, 
was made, towards the end of the last century, the main stream of the 
Indus has been pushing westwards considerably, notwithstanding the 
fact of the land sloping eastwards. At present there is a strip of 
kachchhi land, some ten miles in breadth, between the Thai and that 
river, which fifty years since did not exist. 
Four miles south of the ancient town of ’All-pur, 8941 as far as the 
298 “ Journal : ” Vol. for 1841, page 557. About the parallel of Kot Addhu, in the 
extreme north-west part of this district, the bed of the Indus is about forty feet or 
more higher than that of the Ohin-ab. 
If we draw a line from Multan by Basirah west to the Derah of Ghazi Khan, 
and then southwards to Ghaus-pur—close to which the Ab-i-Sind flowed when it was 
a tributary to the Hakra, and went to form the Mihran of Sind—a distance of 107 
miles from the former and 86 from the latter, we shall find what a vast depression 
exists hereabouts, which accounts for alterations in the junctions of the different 
rivers so often and so easily. By this depression from Ghaus-pur water still reaches 
the old channels of the Hakra. Thus, Multan is 402 feet above the sea, Basirah, 410, 
and the Derah of Ghazi Khan, 440. Then again, Bahawal-pur is 375, ’Ali-pur, 337, 
Islam-pur, 368. Ghaus-pur is but 209, and is the lowest point in the neighbourhood ; 
while about ten miles east and west, the height increases to 301 and 295 feet respec¬ 
tively, and about the same distance south, to 296 and 288. The height of the 
country generally is greatest along the west bank of the Indus as it now flows, down 
as far as a little north of Kin or Kin Kot, where the height above the sea on both 
sides is 305 and 304 feet. Below this point, at Kin, it falls to 270 feet, and then 
declines again 245 at Kashmur, between which places the country slopes away 
lower towards the depression, locally called the “ Sind Hollow,” referred to farther 
on ; while the country on the east bank is a little higher than that on the opposite 
side down to near Aror, near which, to the south-eastwards, is the low tract of land 
in which the waters from near Ghaus-pur find their way into the old Hakra channels, 
and which waters form the so-called “ Eastern Narra.” 
S9 4 To judge from the height of this place above the surrounding country, it 
must be an ancient site, and at one time stood near the confluence of the C^in-ab and 
its tributaries with the Sindhu, Ab-i-Sind, or Indus. The present town is supposed 
to have been founded by one of the chiefs of the Nagliar tribe, mis-called Nahars, 
named ’All Khan. Much information respecting this tribe is contained in my 
“ Notes on Afghanistan,” etc. ’Ali-pur lies twenty-five miles north of U chch h. 
thirteen south-westwards of Jalal-pur in the Multan district, and a little over seven 
miles west of the present point of junction of the Gharah with the Chin-ab and its 
tributaries forming the present Panch Nad, or Panj Ab. 
