316 H. G. Raverty —The Mihrdn of Sind and its Tributaries. [Ex. No. 
barrier has felt the force of the great river ; for the roadway over the 
Lakh hi range, which existed when the troops going to Kandahar in 
1839 passed over it, was soon after washed away, and Sihwan, which 
was close to the river some years ago, is now three miles or more inland ; 
and three remarkable detached rocks lower down, between Bahman jo 
Piiro and Thathah, which forty years ago were eight miles inland, are 
(or very lately were, for the changes are unceasing) now in the bed of 
the river. 
Thus the Sindliu, Nahr-i-Sind, Ab-i-Sind, or Indus, from the time 
that we possess any authentic records respecting it, was a tributary, 
along with the other rivers now forming the Panoh Nad, or Panj A'b, 
of the Hakra, or Wahindah, which having all united into one great 
river at the Dosh-i-A'b , as related by the old ’Arab and Sindi writers, 
formed theMihranof Sind, or Sind-Sagar. Lower down than this point 
of junction it sent off a branch to the westwards which passed Aror, 
the ancient capital of Sind, on the east, which again united with the 
main channel above Mansuriyah, and entered the ocean sometimes by 
one, and sometimes by two principal mouths. The Aror branch having 
been subsequently diverted, and other changes having taken place, the 
A'b-i-Sind began to incline more towards the west from near Ghaus-pur, 
in the great depression referred to at page 304, and by which its surplus 
waters still find their way towards Aror, and deserted the other tribu¬ 
taries of the Hakra. It then passed between w r here Kin Kot and Kashmur 
stand, took a direct westerly course, and cut a new channel for itself 
in what is now known to us as the Sind Hollow, and found its way south 
as before described. Then other changes succeeded—for they were con¬ 
stantly taking place more or less—through the Biali and its tributaries, 
which formed the Sind Bud or Rud-i-Sind wo Hind, inclining to the west¬ 
wards, when it joined the Ab-i-Sind, and formed a new Panch Nad, or 
Panj Ab, and deserted the Hakra altogether. This appears to have caused 
the Ab-i-Sind to alter its course, and, instead of turning so suddenly 
westwards as before, it inclined more to the south-westwards, leaving 
the Sind Hollow and cutting a new channel for itself by Kand Ko$, as 
before described, passing the present Lar-kanah on the west, and then 
inclining southwards in the direction of Siw-istan. Other changes 
succeeding, when near the parallel of Aror, it found its way into the 
channel into which the western branch of the Hakra or Mihran of Sind 
had been diverted, and began to cut its way through the limestone hills 
where Rurlii and Bakhar now stand. From thence it passed Darbelah 
Mir Ma’sum also says, that, at that time, there was “ a small fort on the river 
bank at Lahori above Na§r-pur.” Tho last named place is now sixteen miles east of 
the river- 
