355 
1892.] H. Gh Raverty —The Mihrdn of Sind and its Tributaries . 
The IQmlasat-ut-Tawarikli states, that, at the period that work 
was written in 1107 H. (1695 A. D.), the Rawi united with the Ohin-ab 
close to Sara # e-i-Sidhu or Sidhu ki Sara’e (the “ Serraiee Siddhoo ” of 
the maps), twenty kuroh from Multan. At the present time the Sara e 
in question is less than a mile from the south bank of the Rawi, and 
from it the river turns northwards and westwards, then south-west, 
winding considerably, and unites with the Ohin-ab eleven miles west 
of that place. 358 
The climate of these parts Seems to have changed considerably since Theve- 
not wrote. He was there in 1665-66. 
Tavernier, who was in these parts about the same years, says of the “ Province 
of Labors ,” that, “ The chief Town is not now upon the Ravy as it was for a long 
time, because that River having a very flat Channel, has fallen off from it above a 
quarter of a league. * # ® This hath been a very pretty Town when the Kings 
kept their Courts in it. * * # I have already said, that the great walk of Trees 
(which begins at Agra) reaches as far as Labors , though the two Towns be distant 
from one another one hundred and fifty Leagues, the lovely Alley is very pleasant.” 
This “ lovely alley” was the work of Sultan Sher Shah, Sor, the Afghan or 
Patau Sultan of the Dihli empire, who is said to have had a daily postal service 
between Nil-ab and Agra, and that trees were planted on both sides of the way 
all along this route. 
S53 When the Prince, Muhammad-i-Darft- Shukoh. eldest son of Shah-i-Jahan 
Badshah, was preparing at Labor for his expedition against Kandahar in 1653, two 
battering guns of great calibre for those days, were specially cast at Lahor, one of 
which carried a ball of 90 lbs., and the other a shot of 64 lbs. These, together 
with a third great gun, brought from Shali-Jalian-abad, after twenty days’ labour 
occupied in removing them from the citadel of Lahor to the banks of the Riiwi 
and shipping them on board vessels, were sent down that river to Multan. 
The Prince’s army amounted to 104,000 men, including 70,000 cavalry, and 
5,000 artillery men, accompanied by 36 guns and mortars, and 60 great war ele¬ 
phants. The heavy guns, ten in all, including the three above mentioned, were sent 
down the Ab-i-Sind, and by Dadhar, and Shal (Kwatah, vul. “Quetta”) to 
Kandahar, and, in consequence, only arrived there towards the termination of the 
investment, and failure of the expedition. 
I gave a brief summary of this affair, and the march by the Sangar Pass, a 
route wholly unknown to modern writers, by Ohatsah, Tal, Tsotiali, and by the 
Siadzga’i or Tabak-sar (both words being of one and the same meaning, the first 
being Pus’hto and the latter Tajzik) into Pushang (vul. “ Peshin”), in my “Notes 
on Afghanistan,” etc., page 21, in September, 1878. This was the first time that 
this route was described by any European author, and the first time the route of 
this great army was made known ; and only one native writer knew correctly the 
composition of the force, or the route taken by it both in going and returning, 
and he accompanied it. A recent reviewer, in the * Athen&umJ for July 26tb, 
1890, referring t,o my “Notes,” says: “It was Major Raverty who several 
years ago brought to the notice of the Indian Government the existence of 
the direct route by which Prince Muhammad Dara-Shukoh led his formidable 
army of over 100,000 men from Multan to Candahar, an identification which quite 
