1892.] H. G. Raverty— The Mihran of Sind and its Tributaries. 40 7 
to twelve feet above tbe cold weather level of the stream, wliicli over¬ 
flows its banks during the inundation season. In the lower part of 
its course, in many places in the Multan district, the bank is still lower, 
and the bed is full of quicksands. Sometimes, after inundations, it 
leaves a deposit of sand upon such land as its waters have covered, 
thereby spoiling them, and leaving such tracts a desert; and this it 
has done, upon all occasions, in every part it has deserted from time 
to time in its inclination from east to west, as shown by its old channels 
farther east, presently to be described. 
Just to show some of the changes in the course of the Sutlaj, and, 
also of the Hariari, Nili, or Gharali (when the Biah and the Sutlaj 
lost their former names after uniting), in less than a century, I will 
give a few extracts, as illustrations, from the Survey record. At that 
period — when the Survey was made — in going from Jirah (the 
“Zeera” of the maps) towards Debal-piir by way of Bazid-pur, six 
miles south-eastwards of Firuz-pur, “ the Sutlaj,” it states, “ lies about 
half a huroh on the right hand (that is, north-west), and the kasbah 
of Firuz-pur about four huroh, also on the right hand. The Sutlaj 
having passed from Bazid-pur another three or four huroh to the north- 
north-west, unites with the Biah, and receives the name of Machhu-Wah 
and Hariari. 
“ In going from the same Jirah, by Gadi-Walah, Phiro ki, 1 Al-ipur 
and Bhak or Baliak, having proceeded four huroh to the north-north-west, 
the road winding considerably, and through much jangal, you reach 
the Sutlaj, and crossing it by boat from the point called Patan-i- 
Burhan to the other side, half a huroh from the bank, is Mulla-Walah, 
in the Bist-Jalhandar Do-abah. * # * Previous to the time of 
this Survey the Sutlaj used to flow north of Mulla-Walah; and the 
south bank of the river the people call the Danda or Dandah.” 
Mulla-Walah is the “ Moolanwala ” of the maps, which is now 
thrown out of the Bist-Jalhandar Do-abah, and is fourteen miles from 
the nearest point in it. It forms part of the Jirah district of Firuz-pur 
at present, but, at the time here referred to, it lay in the Bist-Jalhandar 
Do-abah, and Firuz-pur lay Berun-i-Panch Nad, as it is termed, that 
is, without the area of the five rivers — extra Panj-ab— as it is at 
present. 
Again: “ In going from Bahawal-pur to the Got of Ka’im Khan, 
Ra’is, leaving Bahawal-pur, you go one huroh north-east and reach 
the Kadhhi river or Khan-Wa-han. 4 * 9 which, coming from the right 
429 The term Wa-han or Wa-hah, is derived from the Sanskrit ‘run, 
‘ flow,’ ‘ glide/ etc., and is the common termination to nan;es of water-cuts, canals, and 
streams utilized as such, both in the Panj-ab and in Sind, but the word is invariably 
