1892.] H. G-. Raverty — The Mihran of Sind and its Tributaries . 435 
Ghag-ghar had to be crossed in two places by the wa} r . In this neigh¬ 
bourhood, and farther north, it used, in former times, to cause great 
destruction from overflowing its banks, but now, save and except a 
contemptible channel, nothing else remains. 
“ At that period, likewise, the route between Anbalah and Samanali, 
three kuroh distant from Kuhram, used to become so flooded from the 
overflow of the Ghag-ghar, that it became entirely closed.” 
The distance between Kuhram and Samanali is seventeen miles, 
and there were then as now, many villages between. Now, the Ghag- 
ghar flows four or five miles farther eastward, and after passing within 
four miles or more of Kuhram, flows towards the south-west, and unites 
with a river which appears in our maps as the “ Konsilla N.” or 
“ Puttealuk river,” but, at the period in question, it was not known. 
In going from Patialah to Kuhram by Fath-piir, Sunnur, and 
Bhunareri, the Ghag-ghar had to be crossed between Path-pur and 
Bhunarerf; but, now, it flows more than two miles and a half on the 
other or south side of the last-named place. 
Proceeding from Agund to Samanali 485 by way of Ujhh and Sehun 
our maps it is sometimes “ Kheruh,” sometimes “ Khera,” and “ Kheree ; ” and, in 
some places, all three variations of the word, after this fashion, will be found 
written almost adjoining'eacli other. See note 230, page 269, and note 453,* page 
424 
4SS I may mention that Hansi, Samanah, Sunam, Kuhram, and Sarasti, or Sirsa 
of the present time, particularly Hansi and its dependencies, were some of the most 
important fiefs of the Dhili kingdom, as may be gathered from the “ Tabakat-i-Nasiri.” 
This fact also shows that the 3 T must have been far more flourishing at that period 
than they were in the time of Akbar Badshah. In former times there was no 
scarcity of water, and then these parts were in very prosperous condition, and con¬ 
tained a far greater number of inhabitants, as the numerous ruined sites confirm. 
Ibn Batutah says Sarasti, when he went thither from Uboh-har, was a large 
city, and abounded with rice, which the people carried to Dihli for sale. Hansi, his 
next stage, he says, was a fine, well, and closely built city, with extensive fortifi¬ 
cations. Then he went on to Mas’ud-abad. 
In the time of the last Shamsiah Sultans of Dihli, Hansi was held by the Ulugh 
Khan-i-A’zam, afterwards Sultan Ghiyas-ud-Din, Balban. it was a very ancient and 
strong place, and was captured in 427 H. (1035-36 A.D ), by Sultan Mas’ud the 
Martyr. This was one hundred years or more before the time of “ Rae Pithaura’ 
who, we are told, “is supposed to have founded it.” 
In the last century it was totally depopulated and ruined. On the north side 
of the city and adjoining it was a high tall or mound, and on its summit the remains 
of a strong fortress also in ruins. Within the fortress is the shrine of Shaikh Jamal, 
Hansawi, who was one of the orthodox disciples, and the successor of that Snltan- 
uz-Zahidin, Shaikh Farid, the saint of Ajuddhan, and on the saint’s day is visited by 
thousands of people. To the north of the fort there is a great lake some three or 
four Jcuroh in length, and nearly as broad. The cause of the desolation of this place 
