442 H, G. Raverty —The Mihrdn of Sind and its Tributaries. [Ex. No. 
From thence it runs to Dundhal, 492 a little before reaching which, 
it turns to the south-westwards, and runs on towards Sirsa, which it 
passes a little over four kuroh on the west, and close under the walls 
of Jliorur and Dliunor, situated on the right or north bank. Here¬ 
abouts the bed becomes very broad, and the waters to spread out for 
nearly a kuroh or more farther eastwards. The channel passes within 
a short distance—about a quarter of a kuroh — south of the ancient 
Firuz-abad ; 493 and water is to be found for a long way farther west to 
near Bhiraj Id Tibbi, 494 and considerable quantities of wheat are culti¬ 
vated. From Firuz-abad westwards the channel becomes very broad, 
and runs a little to the north of west to Bhiraj ki Tibbi, which lies 
close to the south bank, a little north of which the channel of the 
Ohuwwa ( ) 49b from the north-westwards joins it; and the united 
channel runs to Bhatnir, distant six kuroh from the afore-mentioned 
Tibbi, and passes under the walls of that ancient fortress on the north 
side.” 
The Ghag-ghar appears to have changed but little hereabouts 
for some thirty years ; for, at the time of Captain John Colvin’s Survey, 
the channel was found to be much the same 496 as noted in my Survey 
record, but, at the present time, after passing Zaffar-abad, close to its 
south bank, and thirteen miles south-east of ancient Fath-abad, there 
are several large dhands or lakes of standing water. Seven miles west 
of the first-named place, this southern-most of the two channels becomes 
well defined, and runs nearly due west, passing under the walls of the 
ancient town and fort of Sirsa 497 on the south, and unites with the 
492 “ Doodhal ” of the maps. 
493 Now, the other, or southern channel, unites some distance farther south. 
Water is to be found in the Ghag-ghar in several places between Mung Ala and 
Firuz-abad. 
494 AH the villages of this part, nearly, and the old ones in particular, are 
situated on mounds, hence the constant use of the Hindi words tibbah and tibbi, 
signifying a ‘ mound,’ ‘ height,’ ‘ rising ground ; ’ and this fact indicates anything 
but scarcity of water. 
495 Called the “War N.” in the maps, immediately noi’th of Sirsa; but, above 
Sunam it appears as the “ Choeea Nud,” as though a totally different river ! 
496 But it may have changed and re-changed its course several times in the 
interim. 
In days gone by, it flowed without interruption from the hills, but, in more 
recent times, a good deal of its water was drawn off for irrigation purposes. At the 
present time, the greater portion is drawn off for that purpose ; but, even now, 
when the river is in flood, the current is too dangerous for boats. Hxcept on rare 
occasions, it is fordable everywhere almost. 
497 The A’in-i-Akbari says that near Sirsa is a kol-i-db or lake, the name of 
which is Bhadara. This seems to have disappeared. 
