1892.] H. G. Raveriy —The Mihran of Sind and its Tributaries. 415 
“ In going from Mustafa-abad to Anbalah, two kuroh west of Dhin 
you reach and cross the Markanda ; and, in going from Thani-sar by 
Thaska to Patialah, that tributary of the Ghag-ghar has to bo crossed 
north-west of the latter place. Also, in going from Kuhram to 
Pehu’a on the Sursuti, the Markanda is crossed one kuroh south of 
Kuhram.” 
Now all is changed : the Markanda does not reach within twelve 
miles and a half of Kuhram, and has deserted the Gliag-ghar altogether. 
It turns south-south-west just before reaching Thaska, and now unites 
with the Sursuti three miles and a half north-east of Pehu’a. 
At the same period, the Markanda was but a kuroh and a half from 
the Sursuti in going from Thani-sar to Patialah. The Survey record 
says : “You leave Thani-sar and go half a kuroli west and reach the 
Sursuti ; and another kuroh and a half brings you to the Markanda. 
After crossing it, and going another half a kuroh, Hisalali (“ Hussaluh ” 
of the maps) is reached, lying on the right hand. Proceeding two 
kuroh farther in the direction of north-west, inclining north, you 
reach Bararsi, where the Thani-sar parganah ends. Another two kuroh , 
in much the same direction as before, and you reach Sil Pani, in the 
Kuhram parganah. Prom thence two kuroh more brings you to Dunya 
Majra on the right-hand side of the road. South of it is a small river 
channel dependent on rain, which comes from the right hand and flows 
towards the left, called the Wulinda, and from thence, after going 
another kuroh and a half west, inclining north-west, Thaska is reached.” 
Here again are great changes. The Markanda now does not come 
nearer than within eleven miles of Thani-sar ; and two small river beds 
intervene between that place and the Markanda, which, at present, 
passes close under Thaska on the south. The bed in which it now flows 
is evidently that in which the Wulinda then flowed, and to which it 
must subsequently have taken. 503 
s 
Another tributary of the Ghag-ghar, called the TTnbhla )■> 
conveying the overflow of water from the hills south-west of Nahun, 
and between the Markanda and the Ghag-ghar, has next to be men¬ 
tioned. “ It passes two kuroh north-north-west of Mauhra 5 °i> on 
the road from Shah-abad to Anbalah, and about three kuroh and a half 
from the former place, and subsequently unites with the Markanda 
603 The Markanda, from the nature of its stream and channel leaves much rich 
deposit after overflowing its banks, and in this deposit the sugar-cane flourishes 
exceedingly, as it also did on the banks of the Ghag-ghar in ancient times, when 
Sultan Mas’ud filled its ditch with sugar-cane to enable the troops to storm the 
walls of Sarasti or Sirsa. See note 261, page 288. 
504 “ Movvrnh ” ’of the maps. 
