Miranda et al. • TAXONOMY OF PHILIPPINE SCOPS OWLS 
447 
«.'»i r 
>477JT_ 
rk 
Otus longicomis 
Otus longicomis 
Otus longicomis 
Otus longicomis 
Otus longicomis 
Otus minis 
Otus minis 
Otus sunia 
- Otus leltia ussuriensis 
— Mimizuku gumeyi 
Otus megalotis eventti 
Otus megabits eventn 
• Otus megalotis evcntti 
Otus megalotis eventti 
» 
Otus megalotis megalotis 
Otus megalotis (megalotis) 
— Otus megalotis nigmnim 
<i»5 r 
IHj—L 
Otus bakkamoena 
Otus lempiji 
Otus leltia 
• Otus spilocephalus 
legascops asto 
- Megascops ho)i 
■ Bubo virginianus* 
Luzon 
Mindanao 
Mindanao 
Mindanao 
Luzon 
Ponay/ 
Negros 
Philippine 
montane clade 
Philippine 
lowland clade 
non-Philippine 
lowland clade 
FIG. 2. Phylogenetic hypothesis of relationships of Philippine scops owls using Bayesian and Maximum Likelihood 
t - In = 10523.52) methods tor mitochondrial cyt -b and ND2 genes. The Maximum Parsimony tree is similar except for the 
position of Otus lettia u.ssuuriensis, which is basal to Mimizuku and Otus megalotis. Numbers above the diagonal represent 
bootstrap support and numbers below arc Bayesian posterior probability support values. 
TABLE 3. Pair-wise distances of nearest-neighbor values among terminal Otus taxa in each of the three clades based 
on uncorrected p-distance and Kimura 2-parameter distance (K2P). 
Uncorrecled p K2P Divergence dates (mya)* 
Philippine lowland clade 
0. in. nigrorum/M. gumeyi 
0.053 
0.056 
2.65-2.8 
0. m. nigromm/O. m. everetti 
0.036 
0.038 
1.8-1.9 
O. m. nigromm/O. m. megalotis 
0.042 
0.044 
2.1-2.2 
0. m. everetti/M. gumeyi 
0.058 
0.060 
2.9-3.0 
0. m. everett'i/O. m. megalotis 
0.038 
0.040 
1.9-2.0 
0. m. megalotis/M. gumeyi 
0.059 
0.063 
2.95-3.15 
Non-Philippine lowland clade 
O. bakkumoena/O. lempiji 
0.003 
0.003 
0.15 
0. bakkamoena/O. lettia 
0.010 
0.011 
0.5-0.55 
O. lempiji/O. lettia 
0.012 
0.012 
0.6 
Montane clade 
O. longicomis/O. mirus 
0.038 
0.038 
O. longicomis/O. sunia 
0.058 
0.062 
29 3 1 
O. mints/O.sunia 
0.065 
0.068 
3.25-3.4 
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