2 
Sarat Chandra Das— A brief account of Tibet [No. 1, 
free from the ravages of famine, wild animals, venomous snakes and 
insects. The snowy mountains of Tesi, Chomo-kankar, Phnlahari, Kula- 
kangri in Lhobra, Habe in Upper Yang, Chhyi-kang, Tsarita and Nan- 
chhen-thangla in Do-A’lands, Yarlha Shambn, Toirikarpo, Kha-wa-Lodi7, 
Shabra Karpo, Machhen Pomra, and others stand exalted with uplifted 
" hoary heads, like so many glittering chhortens of rock crystal. There are 
also the mountains called Hoti-gongyaZ, Mari Rab Chyam, Jomo nagri, 
Kong-tsun-demo, &c., abounding in numerous fragrant herbs of wonder¬ 
ful medicinal properties, and clothed in charming pasture. Resides 
these, numberless black mountains fill the country. The lakes are 
Mapham Gyu-mtsko, Crnam-'mtslio phyug mo, Tsha-wtsho, Yar-7ibrog 
^yu-mtslio, Pkag-mtsho, AZtsho skyareng sngoreng, Khri-^shor, Gya7-mo. 
Numerous other lakes of sweet, pure and sparkling water are scattered 
all over the country. The great rivers such as the Tsang-po, Senge 
khabab (Indus), Mab-chya khabab, Tsha-shika, Lja-chliu Dngu?-ckku, 
Ebri-ckhu, G'ser-gyi phye-ma (Golden sand), Nag-ckhu, I?gya7-mo 
DnguZ-chliu, iEna-ckku (Hoangho), $me-chku Rbe-chhu, Bsang-chhu, 
.Ejulag-ckku, jBtsong-chhu, fed by numerous tributaries, flow towards its 
boundaries. Extensive forests, pasture lands, grassy valleys, meadows, 
fields abound there. Barren and bleak plateaux, which look like deserts 
and sandy plains, occupy the largest area of the country. The great 
countries of i?gya-nag (China), Pgya-gar (India), Persig (Persia) have 
great oceans on their borders, but the country of Tibet stands surround- 
* i 
ed by the mighty barriers of snowy mountains, skirting which are the 
kingdoms of iZgya-nag, Pgya-gar, Ejang, Mon (Cis-Himaleya), Ba7-yo 
(Nepal), Kha-chhe (Kashmir), Stag-gssigs (Tajik or Persia) and Hor 
(Tartary), inhabited by various peoples. As the great rivers which 
fertilise these border countries have their sources in the country of Po 
(Bhot or Tibet), the latter stands to other countries in the relation of 
Dsambuling (Jambudvipa) as their centre. 
This great country is divided into three parts— 
I.—iS'to d Mhgah-ri skor-^sum ... High (or Little) Tibet. 
II.—Dvus Gtsang, divided into four pro¬ 
vinces, ... ... ... Tibet Proper. 
III.— M do, kliams and $gang, ... Great Tibet. 
i.—L ittle Tibet (Bod-Chiiung.) 
Siod A/ngah-ri«kor-#sum is divided into the tbreo following circles: 
— Stag-mo Ladvags, Mang-)uZ Sluing Sluing, Guge Bulirang (Purnng)» 
and into the following districts :— 
Purang, Mang-yul, Snngs-dkar, UCbln-vn, TZla-slm, jSlml-te, 
Shang bluing, Upper and Lower Khrig-se. 
