from 11 Dsam Ling Gyeshe ” 
15 
1887.] 
state that these were produced at the time when Regent (Desri) 
Tsangpa, in order to promote the interests of the Karma school, tried to 
injure the school of Tsong Khapa. 
Thence travelling eastward you arrive at a lofty hill called Ma 
Rirab Chyam or Rivo Gephel, considered very holy, to the side of which 
is situated that great and powerful monastery called PaZdan Da pung, 
famous all over North Asia. It formerly contained seven (Ta-tshang) 
monk establishments, but now-a-days the number has gone down to 
four, namely, Gomang, Losal Ling, Deyang and Ngapa Ta-tshang, with 
monks numbering over seven thousand. In the grand hall of congrega¬ 
tion in Dapung is the huge image of Maitreya, called Chyampa Thong- 
do Z, besides many other images and sacred objects, among which the 
manuscripts of the Indian saint Chandra Gomi, the image of Chanrassig 
and the tomb of Rva Lochava are the most noted. Here is a small palace 
belonging to the Dalai Lama called Gahdan Phodang. The image of 
vajra Bhairava standing in the hall of the Tantrik congregation (Ngagpa 
Ta-tshang), which is of great sanctity, is said to emit a brilliant lustre. 
In Dapung great attention is paid to the teaching of the Yinaya, Abhi- 
dharma, and Madhyamika systems of philosophy and Prajna paramita 
scriptures. The Tshan Ni d Ta-tshang, with the exception of its liturgy 
and ritual, does not practise much of Trantrikism. At a short distance 
from Dapung is situated the castle called Na-Chhung, which is the 
sanctuary of the prince of oracles. The great king of genii, Pehar, 
resides here inside a great image. Sometimes he is manifest in the 
person of the presiding priest. Then proceeding eastward, along the 
margin of a marshy tract called Dambu chan ki-tsho, you come to the 
second Tu-ssin (Potala) of GyaZ-Wang Thamche Khyanpa, the all-know¬ 
ing victor, and the far-famed city of PaZ Lhadan (Lhasa). The city of 
Lhasa, though it cannot bear comparison with any of the large towns of 
Aryavarta, is yet the largest city of Tibet. In the centre of Lhasa is the 
shrine of Shakya Buddha, three storeys high. The famed image (being 
the representation of Shakya Simha while he was 12 years of age) was 
brought from China by the first Chinese princess married to King 
Srongtsan Gampo. The shrine also contains the self-sprung image of 
Chanrassig, the image of Maitreya Buddha, in the interior of which are 
precious and sacred inscriptions of King Kriki of Panchala, the image 
of Tsongkhapa, the image of Srid-sum GyaZmo (goddess unrivalled) 
known in India by the name of Sachi Kamini, and numerous other sacred 
objects, a description of all of which will be found in the work called 
Lhasai Icarchhag, compiled by Jamyang Gah-wai She-ngen. In Lhasa 
there are also several Tatshang such as Meru-shi-de, &c., the residence 
of many landlords and nobles of Tibet. It is also the centre of the North 
