1877 .] 
with Cruciform Monoliths , &c. 
1S5 
acknowledge reference to Col. E. T. Dalton’s paper on the ‘ Eude Stone 
Monuments of Chutia Nagpur and other places,and, more especially, to 
Mr. E. N. Cust’s paper on the 4 Non-Aryan Languages of India.’f 
Postscript. 
My attention has been drawn to Mr. Mulheran’s notices,J of cromlechs 
and stone crosses in the Godavari valley, which bear out my supposition 
that these had been visited by some previous explorer. I think the burial- 
place referred to by Mr. Mulheran as at or near Katapur§ is clearly that of 
Eakshasgudium, but I have not seen the locality called Malur. It is worthy 
of notice that the Eakshasgudium crosses are not always to the right 
of the cromlechs, for it is difficult to say—See Plates XI, fig. 2, and XII 
fig. 6,— to what cromlechs any particular cross belongs. 
Mr. Mulheran does not make out a clear case for either a Christian or 
even a Buddhistic origin of these crosses and cromlechs : though I agree 
with him that their origin is extremely puzzling. The crosses in question 
are not so clearly of a Latin form as Mr. Mulheran would imply ; and had 
they been Christian, I think they would have been placed more conspicu¬ 
ously as appertaining to a particular tomb, or set of tombs. I am not aware 
of any case of a memorial Christian cross being placed opposite the corner of 
a tomb, as in this locality. I know, in Ireland, of pagan j)laces of burial 
or memorial 11 having been christianized by the addition of Christian orna¬ 
ments or signs, and such might have been the case at Eakshasgudium : 
but the complete isolation of the place is against this view ; the monoliths 
themselves evidence more labour than could have been effected by a stray 
Christian fold, or by wandering missionaries ; there are no inscriptions ; and 
the proportion of the monoliths are essentially different to those of any 
Christian cross. It is also not known that any such form of monolith or 
cromlech exists now near any Christian remains in India. 
Col. Walker’s remark,^ as to the doubtfulness of the hypothesis of 
the cromlechs being the work of a “ stone-implement using race,” is just 
with regard to the cromlechs of Eakshasgudium ; for these are, I think, 
evidently in their tooling the work of men who used iron implements. ## 
* Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, Yol. XLII, Part I, No. 2. 
f Proceedings, As. Soc. Bengal, Jan. 1877. 
I Proceedings, As. Soc. Bengal, April and June, 1868. 
§ My camping place at the time of my visit was at Ivatapur. 
|| An Irish cross with figure of our Saviour : hut the head of the figure is loose 
in a cut hollow of the upper part of the cross, and this head has small rams’ horns for 
ears, clearly a head of Jupiter Ammon. Close to the Bound-tower of Ennistymon, 
west of Ireland. 
If Proceedings, As, Soc. Bengal, June 1868, p. 151. 
** Begarding- these cromlechs and crosses vide Proceedings, As. Soc. Bengal, for 
August, 1877; Indian Antiquary, Yol. IY, pp. 305, 306 ; and Ferguson, Bude Stone 
Monuments, pp. 486*89. En. 
