1877.] 
of Eastern Turhistdn. 
263 
We have already seen (Subst., Sec. a) that there is a set of possessive 
terminations or affixes of each person applicable to nouns. These possessive 
terminations are not generally of themselves sufficient to take the place 
of the ordinary possessive pronoun (or noun in the genitive). These also are 
frequently used and come before the noun, as in the following Table : 
Possessive 
Pronoun. 
Noun Termination. 
my = maning . ’m 
thy == sailing .’ ng 
his, her or its = uning or aning (or- *ning ). i or si 
our = biz-ning . ’miz 
your = siz-ning .’ ngiz or -nglar. 
their = ular-ning (or- *lar-ning ). i or si 
Ex.: maningdt-im; sailing yer-ing ; tagh-ning yol-i ; biz-ning ui-miz; 
me of horse my thee of place thy mountain of road its us of house our 
siz-ning qiz-ingiz ; ular-ning yort-i. 
you of daughter your them of country their. 
As before, the post-positions of the various cases may be affixed to these 
compounds as may be necessary. 
Ex. : maning dt-lar-im-din = from my horses, 
me of horses my from 
Demonstrative Pronouns : ul or u — that there (or he) ; shul, or 
shu = that here ; bul or bu — this ; shu-bu or ush-bu = this very, &c. 
These, when used before a substantive, are indeclinable, as adjectives. But 
when used alone, they receive the usual affixes of case and number, like a 
Noun or a Personal Pronoun. 
In the oblique cases of the Singular, the l of ul, shut and bul changes 
into an n (which vanishes before another n) ; while the b of bul becomes 
m in those cases. 
Singular. 
Plural. 
Ex. : Nom. shut or shu bul or bu 
Gen. shu 1 -ning mu'-ning 
Dat. shun-ga mun-ga 
Acc. shu’-ni mu'-ni 
&c. &c. 
Nom. shu-lar 
Gen. shu-lar-ning 
Bat. shu-lar- ga 
Acc. shu-lar-ni 
&c. 
bu-lar 
bu-lar-ning 
bu-lar -g a 
bu-lar-ni 
&c. 
Adjectival Pronouns. Under this head may be classed the com¬ 
pounds formed by other Pronouns and the affixes dale, ddq or ddgh and 
cha. The former of these is the same as the affix dilc (in common use), and 
implies “ likeness.” The second, cha , expresses “amount” or “ extent.” 
L L 
* This blank represents a noun. 
