276 
E. B. Shaw —A Grammar of the Language 
[No. 3, 
<$ELghu-wi-dur (or bar) &c. This is of course, literally, “my fu¬ 
ture doing exists (stands)” (for qelghu, it will be remembered, is the Future 
Participle) ; and as one may be said to make a future action one’s own by 
intending it, this comes to mean : “ I intend to do.” [See latter remarks 
on (b).~\ This may be called 
The Intentional Future Tense. 
1. QELghu-m-dur or bar “I intend to do.” 
2. QEJjgliu-ng-dur “ thou intendest to do.” 
3. Qmjghu-si-dur “be intend to do.” 
1. QELy/w-’miz-f?Mr “ we intend to do.” 
2. QY^ghu-wfiz-dur “ ye intend to do.” 
3. ($Ehgliu-&\-\&r-dur “ they intend to do.” 
Having exhausted the usual combinations of the simple pronominal 
affixes with the several participial elements of the Verb, and formed thereby 
nine Tenses, viz., a Simple Present , a Future Present , a Probable Future , 
a Perfect , an Imperative , two Indefinite Pasts , a Present Potential and an 
Intentional Future ; we now have recourse to the auxiliaries. 
III. Auxiliary : dur— 
First, the Present Auxiliary dur. 
[N. P .— This is perhaps a contraction from the verb tur mag “ to 
stand,” which would make its Continuative Participle tur ur and its Future- 
Present T\nwr-maii, which may have become shortened into tr ur-inan, and 
then made into dur-man. What gives colour to this supposition is that 
tur ur-man has been found employed as an auxiliary in the place usually 
filled by dur-man. And this auxiliary must be a Future Present, for the 
form of a Simple Present would be, dura-man , and not dur-man .] 
Be this as it may, the auxiliary dur is used in a sense implying “ to 
stand” or “be in a condition...” like the Italian “ sta bene,” “ sta male” 
(“ he stands well,” &c., for “ he is well.”) In some connections (as with 
the Indef. Participle, &c.) it implies merely probability or presumption 
(and thus Futurity), in which sense it may be compared with our “ I stand 
to win” (see gelghan-dur-man , bar-dur-man , Sfc.). Thus we have : 
(«.) with Present Participle— 
QELa-dur-manf &c. = I stand doing or to do, I am in the con¬ 
dition of doing; or, as we should express it, “ I am doing,” or “ about 
doing.” 
The Compound Future Present Tense. 
1. QEL«-dur-man “ I am about doing.” 
2. QEL«-dur-san “ thou art about doing.” 
3. QEL«-dur “he is about doing.” 
* Pronounced in Yarkand and Kashghar “ aELa -dorian," “— dosan “— do," See., 
and in Khotan “— toman," &c. 
