282 
R. B. Sliaw —A Grammar of the Language 
[No. 3, 
Auxiliary Indefinite Participle “ ikan” makes 
(a.) with the Future-Present— 
qe Lar-i/can-man. This is used in asking a question, or in making 
a statement qualified by “ if” or “ ’when”. 
[«ZV. JB .—This Tense and the 3 following are as it were, supererogatory, 
for the “ ihan ” might be omitted without making much difference in the 
sense. There is just the difference between the English : “ What may you 
he doing ?” and “ What are you doing ?”] 
The above may therefore he translated : “ I may he doing or about 
doing,” and the tense may be called 
The Future Present Indefinite Tense. 
1. QELdr-ikan-man “ I may he about doing.” 
2. QELdr-ikan-san “ thou mayest be about doing.” 
3. QELdr-ikan “ he may be about doing” &c. 
(5.) with the Perfect — 
qr&hip-ihan-man , &c. Here the introduction of the Participle ihan, 
reduces the positive affirmation of the Perfect into a mere presump¬ 
tion or rumour. The above compound word may be translated : “ I may 
or must have done” or “ completed doing.” We may call it 
The Presumptive Perfect Tense. 
1. QEL/p-ikan-man “ I may or must have done.” 
2. QEL/p-ikan-san “ thou mayest or must have done.” 
3. QELfp-ikan “ he may or must have done” &c. 
(e.) with the Indefinite Participle— 
q^iplian-ihan-man, &c. This is similar to the last with the difference 
of the indefiniteness inherent in the Participle gelghan . The meaning 
is “1 may or must (at some time or other) have done,” and we may call 
it 
The Presumptive Indefinite Past Tense. 
1. QELy/^«-ikan-man “ I may or must have done.” 
2. QELy7z<m-ikan-san “thou mayest or must have done.” 
3. QELy/*<m-ikan “ he may or must have done,” &c. # 
( d .) with the Future Participle of Fitness— 
qel ghu-lug-ikan-man, &c. The Participle gelghu-lug means, as will 
be remembered, “ fit or proper to do.” The verbal expression derived 
from it takes in the Present the indefinite auxiliary form in ihan. It thus 
means “ I am to do,” &c. 
* Example from the “ Tazkiratu-’l-Bug'hra” : Padshah ni-chand bala-lar-ni kaba- 
da alip-Jcelghan i Jean-lav. “The king [it is said ] had brought several children in bags.” 
(Le roi aurait apporte. Fr.— Er soil gebracht haben. Germ.). 
