284 
11. B. Shaw —A Grammar of the Language 
[No. 3, 
(a.) An Optative for the 3rd Person, which seems to be connected 
in a certain measure with the Potential form. This is QEL-s«m*=let him 
do ; and in the Plural QEL-sun-lar [pronounced in Eastern Turkistan : 
QEL-szVZtf] =let them do. This latter is used as a polite form of address 
to an equal or superior [conf. the German ‘ thuen Sie.”] 
(A) There is another Optative defective Tense with only the 1st 
Persons Sing, and Plur in -a'i, and -ali or -aliq (alik). Together we get: 
(b .) 1. Qel-«£ “ I will do” or “ let me do.” 
(a.) 3. Qel -sun “ let him do.” 
( b .) 1. Qel -ali or qel -aliq “ we will do” or “ let us do.” 
(a.) 3. Qel -sun-lar (qelsilla) “ let them do” or “ be they (you) 
pleased to do.” 
( c .) The tense formed by affixing the syllable “ ghdi” (whose gut¬ 
tural varies Phonetically) to the root of the verb, has a similar meaning 
but is complete in all its joersons : 
The Boot 
with the Affix ckuai : QEL-y/m-man,f = 1 will do, or let me do. This may 
be called 
Tiie Optative Futtjee. 
1. 
QEL-yM-man 
“ I will do” or “ let 
2. 
QEL-^7m-san 
“ thou wilt do” &c. 
3. 
QEL-ghdi 
“ he will do” &c. 
1. 
QEL-ghdi-miz 
“ we will do” &c. 
2. 
QEL-y7*tf’7-siz 
£< ye will do” &c. 
3. 
QEL-y7m-lar 
“ they will do.” &c. 
We next have to notice some tenses which could not be brought into 
the simple Scheme of the Verb, because they are, as it were, quantities raised 
to the 3rd power, being formed by the application of a co-efficient element 
to a compound consisting in itself of stem and co-efficient, 
They are : 
(a.) qel sa'm-idi, &c. This, being formed by the application of 
* Perhaps this is a corrupted survival of the old Turkish Possessive Affix of the 
3rd person (see at end of “ Substantives”). Thus qelsmw would stand for qel- 
sdn, which might ho compared with qelsam = qel-sa-’m, and qelsang = qel-sa-ng. The 
1 2 3 2 1 3 
meaning of qel-sa’n would have been “ the power-of-doing (is) his,” thus “let him 
do.” 
f This form, from the meaning attached to it, would seem to he connected with the 
Future Participle in ghu. 
