1877.] 
of Eastern Turkistdn. 
2S9 
1. QELs«-’q bolur ikan “ we” &c. 
2. QEL5«-’ngiz bolur ikan “ ye” &c. 
3. QELsai-’lar bolur ikan “ they” &c. 
(y.) qels^-’w bolur idi , &c. This is the same expression as the last 
with a Past sense. It means : “ should I have done” or “ I ought to have 
done.” 
1. QELSff-’m bolur idi “ I ought to have done.” 
2. QELs«-’ng bolur idi “ thou” &c. 
3. qel sa bolur idi “ he” &c. 
( h .) QELs^-’m kirak, &c. The impersonal kirak means “it is neces¬ 
sary.” The meaning of this expression is therefore (literally) “ my poten¬ 
tial doing is necessary,” i. e ., “ it is necessary that I should do,” or “ I must 
do.” 
1. QELStf-’m kirak “ I must do.” 
2. QEL&z-’ng kirak “ thou” &c. 
3. qels« kirak “ he” &c. 
(id) QELigh-liq-man , &c. q^higli is a Verbal Substantive (see ‘ For¬ 
mation of Suhsts.’) meaning “ the condition of doing ;” the termination 
liq makes it into an adjective “ possessing the condition of doing” or “ pos¬ 
sessed of the qualification of having or being done.” The pronoun affixed 
makes it into a statement, viz., “ I am possessed of the qualification of 
having or being done.” It therefore expresses the attainment of a certain 
state or condition, and not a mere evanescent action. 
1. QELzy/i-//y-man “ I am in a done or doing state.” 
2. qELigh-liq-SBXi “ thou art” &c. 
&c. # 
JV. B .—It will have been noticed in the case of the Possessive affixes 
used as tense terminations : 1st, that where these are followed by the verb 
substantive bar or dur, the 1st person plural keeps the ordinary possessive 
affix, ’miz, instead of the verbal one of the same person, ’q or ’k (see first 
note, p. 2G8). The 2nd Indef. Past and the Intentional Future are examples 
of this. 2nd, that when the stem terminates in a vowel, as qel -ghu, the 
possessive affix of the 3rd person is si instead of i, according to the Rule 
(See “ Substantives, p. 258.”) The Potential is an exception. There the 
affix of the 3rd pers. is simply omitted. 
* To these verbal expressions others might have been added. JE. g. The following 
have been found : “ Ivashki kimersa qelghai irdi ” =“ Oh that some-one had been about to 
do also qelghai ikan = (oh that he) were about to do” or “ were going to do”. But in 
truth the combinations arc endless. 
