307 
1877.] of 'Eastern Turkistan. 
ustun-da or gha , &c. 
= upon. 
dltin-da „ 
= under. 
cist in-da „ 
= ditto. 
ich-i-cla „ 
= inside. 
ara-si-da . ,, 
= amidst. 
uzd-si-da „ 
= a’top of. 
tup a-si-da „ 
= upon. 
tiib-i-da „ 
= in the bottom of. 
yan-i-da „ 
= at the side of. 
(only with ning) 
gdsh-i-da „ 
= in the presence of. 
ditto 
dlcl-i-da „ 
= in front of. 
ditto 
bu-yuz-i-da „ 
= on this side of. 
ditto 
u-yuz-i-da „ 
= on the further side of. 
ditto 
kin-i-da „ 
= in the rear of. 
ditto 
argd-si-da „ 
= at the back of. 
ditto 
tdsh-i-da „ 
= on the outside. 
Defte. (ning) \ Indfte. (din) ichhari 
= inside. 
ditto 
(din) argd-da 
= behind. 
• ditto 
(din) kin 
= after. 
ditto 
(din) tub an 
= below, in a lower position 
than. 
ditto 
(din) tag-i-cla 
= beneath, under, (with some¬ 
thing superposed). 
ditto 
(cliii) ustun 
= above, higher than. 
ditto 
(din) astin 
— below. 
All these declinable Substantives admit also of the Possessive Affixes, 
e. g. mailing gdsh-im-da = “ in my presence’; sailing ydn-ing-din — “ from 
tby side.” 
The Compound ghacha (glia “to,” cha “the extent of j” see Adverbs) 
is used as a Post-position meaning “ till” or “ as far as.” 
Ex. : Tiz-ghacha = as far as the knee; Kashgar-ghacha — as far as 
Kashghar; bdsh-tokhi-ghacha = till first cock, ( i . e., till cock-crow). 
CONJUNCTIONS. 
There are not many Conjunctions in Turki. It borrows them fre¬ 
quently from Persian and Arabic. 
The home-born ones are him “ that,” takhi “ still”, “ notwithstanding”, 
inidi “ then”, &c., and the compound cm-din-kin “ afterwards”, &c. 
