380 
G. E. Fryer —Pali Studies. — No. 2. 
[No. 4, 
TRANSLATION. 
1. Praise be to tbe Chief of Sages, beautifully pure, radiant with the 
glory of virtue, who dispels the universal ignorance of mankind. 
2. The formerly written prosodies of Pin gala and others, are not 
suited to the Magadha people. 
3. Therefore, distinguishing verses measured by feet from those regu¬ 
lated by time, together with the distinctive peculiarities of each, 
(made into) an understood series of poetry, 
4. This Yuttodaya, a collection of secular prosody, I will now com¬ 
mence in the language of the Magadha people for their instruction. 
5. (That foot is called) ma, (the three syllables of which are) all long; 
(that is) na , (the three syllables of which are) all short; Wia, has 
the first long ; ya , the first short ; ja , the middle long ; sa, the last 
long ; ra, the middle short; ta the last short. These are the eight 
feet; go (stands for) garu (heavy) ; lo (for) lahu (light). 
6. Be it known that the five feet, him, ja, sa, ma, na, are used in the 
Ariya and other metres of that class. In that class a foot consists 
of four syllabic instants (kata). 
7. A vowel preceding compound consonants, a long vowel preceding 
the niggahita, and optionally a vowel at the end of a quarter verse 
are heavy, and indicated by a bent mark ; the other, a short vowel, 
measuring an instant of time, is light, and indicated by a straight 
mark. 
8. Be it known, that a heavy vowel—preceding compound consonants 
at the beginning of a quarter verse—is sometimes light, as in the 
subjoined illustration: 
dassanarasanubhavane nibaddhagedha jinass’ ayam janata 
vimhayajanani s anna to kriya nu kan nanuranjayate. 
9. Be it known, that the terms samuddo, usu, rasa and the like, are 
used in the popular sense; jydda is the fourth part of a verse ; yati 
is verse division. 
10. Metre is threefold, either sama, addhasama or visama . That is sama, 
the quarters of which are similar in character. 
11. That is addhasama, which has its first and third, and second and 
fourth respectively alike. That is visama , which has quarters dissi¬ 
milar in character. 
12. Metres vary in length from one up to twenty-six syllables in a quar¬ 
ter verse. 
13. Chants such as the Dandaka, Candavutthi and the like, and metres 
having three or even six jgadas are called £ Gatha’ in another work. 
