PAPILIO XII., XIII. 
At about four days before suspension, the color begins to change, at first a soiled 
surface showing on dorsum; this deepens and spreads during two days, and 
finally the body becomes chocolate-brown, specked over dorsum with darker, and 
on sides with lighter brown ; all the purple dots now appear distinctly. (Fig. k.) 
From fourth moult to suspension about ten days, to pupation eleven days ; from 
hatching of egg to pupation about thirty-six days; from laying of egg fortv- 
six. 
CnRYSALis. — Length of several, 1 . 38 , 1 . 44 , 1 . 45 , 1 . 56 , 1.60 inch, the larger 
being female; greatest breadth .4 to .42 inch ; cylindrical, the abdomen tapering; 
head case long, compressed transversely on both sides to an edge; the ocellar pro¬ 
jections prominent, divergent, pyramidal, the edges raised into thin ridges on 
dorsal side, the tops rounded, the incision between the two a right angle, with a 
small tooth on either side near the angle; the mesonotum prominent, directed 
forwards, blunt and rough at tip, with a ridge passing down either edge ; on back 
of abdomen two rows of rounded corrugated tubercles from segments 5 to 13 , 
those on 8 to 10 large, on 11 a little less, the others small; the larger tubercles 
are green-topped for some days after pupation, but change to black ; the others 
are yellow-brown; on 6 to 11 is a second row of small green-topped tubercles 
high on one side, and four same color and small in row across dorsum ot 4 and 5; 
whole surface corrugated, the anterior part roughly, the ventral side finely; 
color of ventral side throughout either one shade of gray-brown, or the abdomen 
is lighter; or shades of wood-brown ; of dorsal side brown or yellow-brown, often 
with a dull ochre tint on the middle segments; along the side from top of head 
case to 13 , with a branch along mesonotum, is a broad band of brown, or some¬ 
times of black ; just after pupation the club-shaped larval spots of fourth seg¬ 
ment appear in nearly same shape in the chrysalis (Fig. m), yellow, each enclosing 
two tubercles; the color fades from these spots after a few days. Duration of 
this stage seventeen to twenty days. (Figs. I , m.) 
Iiutuliis belongs to a small and well-defined sub-group, which comprises Eu- 
rymedon, Daunus, Pilumnus , and Turnus. The last named species occupies the 
continent east of the Rocky Mountains; Eurymedon and Putulus the Pacific 
slope, and more or less of the mountain region to the eastern base ; Daunus 
follows the Rocky Mountains pretty closely, and finds its metropolis in Mexico; 
and Pilumnus is a Mexican species, which on rare occasions has been seen in 
Arizona. The peculiarities of four of these species are shown on the plates of 
this Volume. Rutulus and Eurymedon lie between Turnus and Daunus, and the 
latter leads up to Pilumnus. All have the wings striped after the same pattern, 
but with variations, which are most marked in Pilumnus, the stripes in that 
species being reduced from five to four and considerably modified. Daunus has 
