PAPILIO XII., XIII. 
alcohol but fifteen were allowed to go to pupation. The first chrysalis formed 
oth July and this gave butterfly 25th July, or at nineteen days. The second 
formed 8til July and the butterfly came out 28th, or at twenty days; both 
iemale. On 25th August came a male at seventeen days, on 28th a female at 
nineteen; and others appeared at intervals to 5th September. Later some chrys- 
alids which 1 supposed were hibernating gave butterflies irregularly, the last on 
18th November. One large male came 2Gth April, and two chrysalids died dur¬ 
ing t le winter. This male was fully as large as any of the fall brood and in an- 
pearance like those. 1 
The larva of Rutulus is in habits similar to Turnus. It is sluggish, scarcely 
moving at all. It weaves a web across part of the upper surface of the leaf it 
rests on, whereby the leaf is somewhat drawn together, enough to leave an open 
space between the web and leaf. The web serves as a bridge on which the larva 
lies m comfort when a flood pours down the leaf. I measured one of these webs 
on winch a full-grown Turnus rested, and found it two and a half by one and a 
half inches m extent, and four tenths inch above the bend of the leaf. It was so 
firm that I observed no depression from the weight of the larva. On sprinkling 
water vertically upon the leaf, it passed through the web readily. 
I fed both weeping and golden willow, and they w^ere equally relished. Al¬ 
though Turnus is known to feed on many species of plants, and of widely different 
groups, no one has observed willow to be one of them, and when I have at¬ 
tempted to force the larvae to eat willow, it was without effect. In California 
are many plants allied to those on which Turnus feeds, and that Rutulus should 
be nearly restricted to willow shows a difference quite as significant as anything 
seen m the larva or imago. During part of the summer I was rearing a lot of 
Turnus larvae from the egg, and so was able to compare the two species stage by 
stage, with the results before set forth and shown on the Plate. 
Note. While this paper was passing through the press, Mr. James Behrens wrote me from Mt. 
bhasta Cal, that he had recently found larvm of Rutulus on a species of balsam-poplar, and fed them 
with the leaves of this tree in confinement. 
