PIERIS I. 
duval, and states that in all the figures only the black spot near the inner angle 
is represented, there being no sure indication of the other. In my examples of 
Cliloridice , the female has both black spots, the males have a few black scales in 
upper median interspace (Fig. 10), but none in the sub-median. This surface of 
the fore win«; is that of an Anthocharis. 
On the under side of secondaries, the general pattern is same in both forms, 
the spots being bright yellow-green in Cliloridice , more gray in Beckerii. (See 
Figs. 4, 7, in the Plate in Yol. I. The contrast is same as shown in Figs. 8, 10, 
on the present Plate, of the apical area of under side of primaries.) The patterns 
of under side should count for little in Pieris and Anthocharis, inasmuch as in 
both genera similar patterns in markings and color run through a whole sub¬ 
group in repeated instances. It is to the upper side we must look for decided 
differences. 
All we have to consider is, does Beckerii breed true to its type ? Undoubtedly 
it does. No example has yet been seen differing in any degree from those fig¬ 
ured in Yol. I. There is no evidence whatever that Beckerii and Cliloridice 
ever had any closer connection with each other than any two species of any sub¬ 
group of butterflies may have. To assert that one is a variety of the other, there¬ 
fore, is to assert what no one can prove, and no one can possibly know. All we 
do know is that Beckerii is a permanent form, separated by important characters 
from any other. That is to say, it is a species. We have to accept the facts as 
we find them. 
Beckerii inhabits more or less of the Pacific slope from Oregon to Southern 
California; also Nevada, Colorado, and Arizona. Dr. Hagen’s examples were 
taken June 24th, 25th, and July 20th, and he regards them as of the summer 
brood. Mr. H. Edwards took those which are figured in Yol. I., in Nevada, in April, 
and they were therefore of the earliest brood of the year. Mr. Mead obtained 
several of the butterflies in Southern California in May, 1878, from chrysalids, 
some of which are in my collection, and these would be the second brood of the 
year. Mr. Baron took the summer brood in Northern California. I see no dif¬ 
ference between the two broods. 
