PHYCIODES I., II. 
and took them directly to the Catskills, where they hatched just as I arrived, 
20th. This was the fourth generation of the season from the third laying of 
eggs. The weather in Virginia had been excessively hot, and so I found it on 
the journey; but on reaching the mountains it was cool, and the nights decidedly 
cold. Two days after my arrival the mercury stood at sunrise at 40° Far. Sep¬ 
tember was a wet and cold month, and I protected the larvae in a warm room 
at night, and much of the time by day, for they will not feed when the tempera¬ 
ture is less than about 50°. The first chrysalis was formed 15th September, 
twenty-six days from the hatching of the larvae, and others at different dates up 
to the 26th September, or thirty-seven days from the egg. Forty per cent, of 
this brood, or fifty-two larvae out of one hundred and twenty-seven, became 
lethargic after second moult. I entered in my journal as follows: “16th Sep¬ 
tember, fifty-two larvae have ceased feeding at second moult.” “ 26th Septem¬ 
ber, fully one half of the larvae which had ceased feeding at second moult began 
to feed again, after resting a few days, and have now passed third moult.” 
After which they became lethargic and so remained. I was surprised at finding 
in the summer that the broods then had but four moults, as I satisfied myself by 
repeated tests, in each brood, inasmuch as I had noted three fall moults in 
some cases, and two in the spring, in the larvoe of 1875. But later observa¬ 
tions confirm the fact that both this species and Nycteis pass five larval moults 
in the winter brood, and but four in any summer brood. 
I returned to Coalburgh 15th October, and till I reached this place the 
weather on the way was cold, with several frosty nights. So that for a period 
of thirty days, the chrysalids had at no time been exposed to warmth. The 
day I arrived the butterflies began to emerge, and before the end of a week all 
that were living had come forth, namely, nine males, ten females. Of these nine 
males, four were changed to Marcia, Var. C, three were D, and two were not 
changed at all. Of the ten females, eight were changed, five of them to Var. 
B, three to C. The other two females were not different from many examples 
of the summer brood, having large discal patches on under side of hind wings, 
besides the markings common to that brood. 
Ten of the chrysalids I mailed from the Catskills to Mr. Lintner, at Albany, 
N. Y., asking him to keep them in a cool place until the butterflies should 
emerge. Between 21st October and 2d November, these gave six butterflies, 
all females and all Marcia, Var. B. 
Eighteen of the chrysalids I had placed in an ice-house, at Hunter, 20th 
September, laying them in a tin box directly on the surface of .the ice, the tem¬ 
perature being 40°, with little variation. Part were so placed within three hours 
after the forming of the chrysalis, and before they had hardened; others within 
