PHYCIODES I., II. 
eral sub-varieties, some of them in time to become distinct and well marked, 
while the other two, Pliaon and Vesta, remained constant. As the climate mod¬ 
el ated and the summer became longer, each species came to have a summer gen¬ 
eration ; and in these the resemblance of blood-relationship is still manifest. As 
the winter geneiations of each species had been much alike, so the summer gen¬ 
erations sprung from them were much alike. 
And if we consider the metropolis of the species Pharos, or perhaps the parent 
species back of that, at the time when it had but one annual generation, to have 
been somewhere between latitudes 37° and 40°, on the Atlantic slope, and within 
which limits all the varieties and sub-varieties of both winter and summer forms 
of Pharos are now found in luxuriance, we can see how it is possible, as the gla¬ 
cial cold receded, that only part of the varieties of the winter form might spread 
to the northward, and but one of them at last reach the sub-boreal regions, and 
hold possession to this day as the sole representative of the species. And at a 
very early period, the primary form, together with Pliaon and Vesta, had made 
its way southward, where all three are found now, neither of them, so far as 
appears, having developed any marked varieties of the winter form. 
It is the female of the summer form of Pharos, and that variety of it which 
discovers the brown discal patch on the under side of the hind wings (Yar. B), 
which Drury figured under this name, in 1770. Cramer’s Pharos is stated to 
have come from New York and reference is made in the text to Drury. But the 
figures are coarsely drawn and rudely colored, and there has been some differ¬ 
ence of opinion as to the real species intended to be represented by them. 
Cocyta, Cramer, Figs. A, B, Plate 101, is Pharos male of the summer form 
(Yar. A), and Fig. C is probably intended for female of same; but the text re¬ 
fers it to Surinam, and it is given with a doubt expressed as to whether it be¬ 
longs to the male figured or not. Dr. Boisduval considers this Cocyta to be 
synonymous with Morpheus, Fabricius, and locates it in southern California. 
Fabricius describes Morpheus as a North American insect, and in language ap¬ 
plicable to the summer form of Pharos. “ Parvus. Aim omnes integerrimse, 
fulvae, maculis margineque nigris. Posticm punctis sex nigris in strigam dispos- 
itis versus marginem posticum. Subtus anticae fulvrn, nigro maculatm, pos- 
ticae pallascentes strigis undatis, margine punctisque sex fuscis.” I therefore 
call the species Pharos, the summer form Morpheus, the winter form Marcia. 
The figures of the male Pharos in Bois. and Lee. are not very exact, but may 
be taken to represent the form Morpheus. But the female must have been drawn 
from Patesii, and evidently Dr. Boisduval had this insect before him when he 
wrote these words: “ We possess individuals which we consider as varieties, of 
