LIMENITIS I. 
the feeding on sugar water was to make the bodies enormously fat, so that the}/' 
swelled out like the bodies of wasps and the insect could scarcely move about, 
and in a few days died. Probably this excess of fat hindered the laying of eggs, 
for there always were found to be a few mature eggs in the ovaries. These eggs 
of Proserpina hatched, beginning on the ninth day, and the larvas fed well. But 
before they had reached the hybernating stage, I had to guard them in a warm 
room, and to keep branches of aspen and willow in water to supply them with 
food. Out of doors the leaves were falling, the frosts becoming severe, and it 
was certain that not one of these larvae or of any larvae, then feeding naturally, 
could have reached the hybernating stage. The existence of the species is in fact 
due to the development of the eggs laid in July and early in August. The larvae 
hatched 10th to 1-th September, began to pass their 
first moult, 18th, and second on 24th. Nine lived 
through the second moult. On 27th, the first one had 
completed and taken possession of its case. 1 The eggs 
had been laid on willow, but after second moult I trans¬ 
ferred the larvae to aspen, which they readily took to. 
Very soon after the transfer some of them began to cut 
out the patterns of the cases. First eating a narrow 
canal for one quarter inch, the width of the head, ob¬ 
liquely outward from the stem at base, a ; next a canal of 
same length on the side of the leaf, about three fifths the 
distance to the apex, perpendicular to the edge, b, then 
turning this at a right angle in the direction of the first canal and cutting for a 
little distance; then crossing to the other half of the leaf and cutting similar 
canals; after which the extremity of the leaf was cut off by an incision from the 
bend in the second canal directed obliquely forward to the midrib, first on one 
side then on the other, c; next the first and second canals on one side were joined, 
d , then on the other side, and there remained of the leaf but a small fiddle¬ 
shaped piece, lying almost equally on either side the rib. Before and during the 
time this work was progressing, the larva had taken intervals of rest from the cut¬ 
ting, and had occupied itself in weaving threads from the branch to the stem, 
and along the upper side of the leaf, thus coating with silk what was to be the 
inside of the case. Finally, beginning at the base, it drew the edges partly 
together for a little distance, leaving an open space between of about one tenth 
inch, and held them in position by single threads; then proceeded to weave a 
1 The larvae of Disippus, at Coalburgh, pass either two or thi’ee moults before hybernation, but I have 
known of only two moults in this species after hybernation. To the northward I think it possible that the 
fall moults are limited to two, as with Arthemis. 
