LIMENITIS II. 
black; on 9 is a patch across dorsum and down the sides, encroaching dorsally 
also somewhat on 8 and 10; this is at first scarcely distinguishable from the 
general hue, but a few hours after the moult, it becomes lighter, or red-buff; a 
fleshy ridge along the base, oyer legs, broadest on the last segments; on segments 
after 2 is one broad dorsal transverse ridge, followed by one and two narrow and 
lower ridges, and these are thickly set with small, irregular, conical tubercles, 
each with short hair; on dorsum, from 5 to 12, are two rows of processes, placed 
at the ends of the broad ridges, each with a crest of little fleshy knobs, or grains; 
on 6 and 12, these are larger than elsewhere, more elongated and acute, on 11 
next in size, the rest smaller; on the fronts of these segments, and on 4, are two 
simple tubercles in advance of and between the dorsal processes; on 5, 7, 8, 9 the 
processes are yellow; on the other segments, red-brown ; on 3 the broad ridge is 
considerably elevated and at each end is a prominent appendage, .03 inch long, 
stout at base, tapering to top, black, beset on sides with tawny spurs ; between 
the bases of these are two small, yellow-crested tubercles; on 4 is a slight eleva¬ 
tion, on which stand four equal yellow-crested tubercles; along the basal ridge 
are others, similar; head obovate, narrowing towards top, bilobed, the vertices 
high, rather conical, each bearing a short black knob, the summit of which is 
rounded, with a little cone in the middle, and a circlet of six others about it, 
springing from near the base, each with short bristle; color of face blackish red- 
brown ; the surface rough, and on it many low, rounded and pointed tubercles, 
those at and near the top largest, and either red-brown, lighter than the face, or 
yellowish, — the rest black ; along the back of the head, both at top and sides, 
a row of forked or branching spurs, one of which, standing back of each ver¬ 
tex, rises above the knob (as shown in Fig./ 0 ). The head and its appendages 
scarcely vary from first moult to maturity, except in color. (Figs, c, c 2 magni¬ 
fied.) 
As the stage progresses, the dorsal patch becomes distinct, whitish; and the 
general body-color changes from red-brown and yellow to sordid gray. 
Duration of this stage 3 and 4 days. 
After second moult: length .‘26 inch ; shape much as before ; the appendages 
on 3 longer, reaching .05 inch, short at base, irregularly tapering, black, with 
irregular tawny knobs on sides; color of body red-brown on dorsum, the processes 
and tubercles except those on 12 and 13 (which are black), and those on the 
patch (which are concolored with it), red-brown; so are the tubercles on the 
basal ridge ; sides black ; the patch either yellow-buff or red-buff; 3 and the 
broad ridge of 4 are red-buff; head as before, the face nearly all black, the edges 
at the sutures reddish (Fig. d, d? magnified). To next moult 4 days. 
After third moult: length, .4 inch; general color, red ; the anterior segments 
