APATURA I. 
first moult and which not having reached the hybernating stage certainly perish. 
But I doubt if the species is perpetuated by the others. The leaves are blown 
far and wide, and in the district in which I live, the greater part of them find 
their way into the river. If any caterpillar should survive the winter in such 
circumstances, the chances would seem to be almost infinite against its reaching 
the food-plant. (See note.) 
I he first butterflies from these hybernating larvse appear about the end of 
May, at Coalburgh, and by middle of June, those which have come from the 
eggs laid by hybernating females. Thenceforward, until October, an irregular 
succession of the butterflies are on the wing, and the larvae are to be found at 
every stage of growth. It would appear by breeding from the egg, that occa¬ 
sionally part of a summer brood stop feeding after the second moult, and com¬ 
mence hybernating, but this is not always the case. 
I had known nothing of the preparatory stages of Celtis till 5th September, 
1872, ^\hen a female was taken in my garden. I had planted there the previous 
spring several small trees of the Hackberry, in the hope of alluring this butter- 
fly, and on one of the branches I tied the captive in a muslin bag. On the 7th, 
it had laid a number of eggs, in clusters of six or more, upon the under sides of 
the leaves. One cluster of seventeen was arranged in close rows of five with an 
incomplete row of two, the eggs touching each other. (Fig. a.) On the 12th, the 
larvae began to emerge, eating away the shell below the crown until this was 
ready to break off and permit egress. I brought the limb to the house and 
placed it in a bottle of water. The little creatures seemed disinclined to feed, 
and ran about the leaves, one after another dropping by the thread which it spun' 
till it became certain that all w^ould escape. This led me to break off the leaves 
and inclose with the larva? in a glass, and thereafter I had no trouble. Subse¬ 
quent expeilence has satisfied me that this is one of the easiest species to rear, 
and I have raiely lost one of a brood. On the 26th, they were passing the 
second moult, and the stag-horn processes on the head were well developed. It is 
the custom of these larva? from this stage to rest with the head bent forward 
and downward, so that the lace is flat on the leaf and the horns project in the 
same plane, the back of the body being arched. (Fig./ 2 .) They are disinclined 
to move, and will remain many hours in the same position or place. Their man¬ 
dibles are strong, and the thickest leaves seem to be preferred in feeding. This 
is Contrary to the habit of Libythea , which feeds on the same tree, but seeks the 
tender terminal leaves. Early in October, all these larvse had changed color 
fiom gi een to brown, and sought the sides of the heavy midribs or depressions in 
the surfaces of the leaves, remaining motionless. But then and at any time 
during their hybernation, it was not difficult to rouse one from its lethargy, 
